King James Version

What Does Numbers 31:38 Mean?

Numbers 31:38 in the King James Version says “And the beeves were thirty and six thousand; of which the LORD'S tribute was threescore and twelve . — study this verse from Numbers chapter 31 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the beeves were thirty and six thousand; of which the LORD'S tribute was threescore and twelve .

Numbers 31:38 · KJV


Context

36

And the half, which was the portion of them that went out to war, was in number three hundred thousand and seven and thirty thousand and five hundred sheep:

37

And the LORD'S tribute of the sheep was six hundred and threescore and fifteen .

38

And the beeves were thirty and six thousand; of which the LORD'S tribute was threescore and twelve .

39

And the asses were thirty thousand and five hundred; of which the LORD'S tribute was threescore and one.

40

And the persons were sixteen thousand; of which the LORD'S tribute was thirty and two persons.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the beeves were thirty and six thousand; of which the LORD'S tribute was threescore and twelve—The Hebrew baqar (בָּקָר, 'cattle/oxen') represented substantial wealth in ancient agrarian economies. The 72 cattle given to the Levitical priesthood (0.2% of 36,000) provided both sustenance and sacrificial animals for tabernacle service. This systematic allocation ensured those who served God's sanctuary received material support from spoils gained through God's power.

The principle that 'the laborer deserves his wages' (Luke 10:7, 1 Timothy 5:18) finds early expression here. God ordained that spiritual leaders receive tangible provision from the community they serve.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Cattle in the Ancient Near East served multiple functions: agricultural labor, dairy production, leather, and sacrificial offerings. The substantial number (36,000) indicates Midian's considerable pastoral wealth. Eleazar the priest (Aaron's son) administered these resources for tabernacle operations.

Reflection Questions

  1. How faithfully do you support those who minister to you spiritually with tangible resources?
  2. Does your giving reflect gratitude for victories God has granted, or merely obligation?
  3. What does it mean that God cares about the practical support of those who serve Him full-time?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וְהַ֨בָּקָ֔ר1 of 8

And the beeves

H1241

a beeve or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd

שִׁשָּׁ֥ה2 of 8

and six

H8337

six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth

וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֖ים3 of 8

were thirty

H7970

thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth

אָ֑לֶף4 of 8

thousand

H505

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

וּמִכְסָ֥ם5 of 8

tribute

H4371

an assessment (as based upon a census)

לַֽיהוָ֖ה6 of 8

of which the LORD'S

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

שְׁנַ֥יִם7 of 8
H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

וְשִׁבְעִֽים׃8 of 8

was threescore and twelve

H7657

seventy


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 31:38 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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