King James Version

What Does Numbers 26:18 Mean?

Numbers 26:18 in the King James Version says “These are the families of the children of Gad according to those that were numbered of them, forty thousand and five hun... — study this verse from Numbers chapter 26 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

These are the families of the children of Gad according to those that were numbered of them, forty thousand and five hundred.

Numbers 26:18 · KJV


Context

16

Of Ozni, the family of the Oznites: of Eri, the family of the Erites:

17

Of Arod, the family of the Arodites: of Areli, the family of the Arelites.

18

These are the families of the children of Gad according to those that were numbered of them, forty thousand and five hundred.

19

The sons of Judah were Er and Onan: and Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan.

20

And the sons of Judah after their families were; of Shelah, the family of the Shelanites: of Pharez, the family of the Pharzites: of Zerah, the family of the Zarhites.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Forty thousand and five hundred (אַרְבָּעִים אֶלֶף וַחֲמֵשׁ מֵאוֹת)—Gad's census total shows a dramatic decrease of 5,150 men from the first census (45,650 in Numbers 1:25). This decline likely resulted from plague judgments during the wilderness rebellions, particularly Korah's rebellion (ch. 16) and Baal-Peor's immorality (ch. 25). Only Simeon suffered a larger percentage loss.

The phrase according to those that were numbered (le-pheqūdehem) emphasizes precision—this wasn't estimation but exact military registry of males twenty years and older. Despite population decline, Gad still fielded a substantial army, demonstrating that God's purposes don't depend on numerical superiority (cf. Gideon's 300).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This census occurred approximately 38 years after the first (Numbers 1), measuring the second generation who would conquer Canaan. The population decline served as sobering testimony to divine judgment—those who rebelled at Kadesh-Barnea died in the wilderness. Only Caleb and Joshua survived from the first generation of fighting men.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Gad's population decline teach about the consequences of covenant unfaithfulness and corporate sin?
  2. How does God's continued use of Gad despite their reduced numbers demonstrate that faithfulness matters more than strength?
  3. In what ways do census numbers in Scripture serve both practical (land distribution) and theological (judgment/blessing) purposes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
אֵ֛לֶּה1 of 9
H428

these or those

מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת2 of 9

These are the families

H4940

a family, i.e., circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people

בְּנֵֽי3 of 9

of the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

גָ֖ד4 of 9

of Gad

H1410

gad, a son of jacob, including his tribe and its territory; also a prophet

לִפְקֻֽדֵיהֶ֑ם5 of 9

according to those that were numbered

H6485

to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc

אַרְבָּעִ֥ים6 of 9

of them forty

H705

forty

אֶ֖לֶף7 of 9

thousand

H505

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

וַֽחֲמֵ֥שׁ8 of 9

and five

H2568

five

מֵאֽוֹת׃9 of 9

hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 26:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 26:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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