King James Version

What Does Numbers 13:21 Mean?

Numbers 13:21 in the King James Version says “So they went up, and searched the land from the wilderness of Zin unto Rehob, as men come to Hamath. — study this verse from Numbers chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

So they went up, and searched the land from the wilderness of Zin unto Rehob, as men come to Hamath.

Numbers 13:21 · KJV


Context

19

And what the land is that they dwell in, whether it be good or bad; and what cities they be that they dwell in, whether in tents, or in strong holds;

20

And what the land is, whether it be fat or lean, whether there be wood therein, or not. And be ye of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time was the time of the firstripe grapes.

21

So they went up, and searched the land from the wilderness of Zin unto Rehob, as men come to Hamath.

22

And they ascended by the south, and came unto Hebron; where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the children of Anak, were. (Now Hebron was built seven years before Zoan in Egypt.)

23

And they came unto the brook of Eshcol, and cut down from thence a branch with one cluster of grapes, and they bare it between two upon a staff; and they brought of the pomegranates, and of the figs. brook: or, valley


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The spies 'searched the land from the wilderness of Zin unto Rehob, as men come to Hamath.' This comprehensive reconnaissance covered Canaan from south to extreme north - approximately 250 miles. The Hebrew 'tur' (search) appears throughout this chapter, indicating thorough investigation. Their extensive survey ensured they fully understood what they reported, making their subsequent unbelief inexcusable. They saw the land's goodness with their own eyes yet rejected God's promise. This illustrates that human investigation, though legitimate and thorough, must culminate in faith-filled obedience, not become excuse for disobedience. Knowledge without trust produces analysis paralysis, not faithful action.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The search spanned Canaan's full length in the regions that would eventually become Israel's territory. Zin wilderness marked the southern boundary near Kadesh, while Rehob near Hamath represented the northern extent. This corresponds roughly to the Promised Land's boundaries described elsewhere (Gen 15:18, Num 34:2-12). The forty-day journey (v.25) allowed viewing all major regions - the Negev, hill country, Jordan valley, coastal plains, and northern territories. Archaeological evidence confirms these locations existed in the Late Bronze Age. The comprehensive survey's irony: thorough investigation should have confirmed God's promise but instead became ammunition for unbelief in the majority report.

Reflection Questions

  1. When investigating God's will, do you seek comprehensive understanding while remaining open to faith-filled obedience?
  2. How can you balance thorough research with trusting God's promises when the data seems intimidating?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּ1 of 10

So they went up

H5927

to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative

וַיָּתֻ֣רוּ2 of 10

and searched

H8446

to meander (causatively, guide) about, especially for trade or reconnoitring

אֶת3 of 10
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הָאָ֑רֶץ4 of 10

the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

מִמִּדְבַּר5 of 10

from the wilderness

H4057

a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert

צִ֥ן6 of 10

of Zin

H6790

tsin, a part of the desert

עַד7 of 10
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

רְחֹ֖ב8 of 10

unto Rehob

H7340

rechob, the name of a place in syria, also of a syrian and an israelite

לְבֹ֥א9 of 10

as men come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

חֲמָֽת׃10 of 10

to Hamath

H2574

chamath, a place in syria


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 13:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 13:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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