King James Version

What Does Matthew 27:1 Mean?

Matthew 27:1 in the King James Version says “When the morning was come, all the chief priests and elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to put him to death... — study this verse from Matthew chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

When the morning was come, all the chief priests and elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to put him to death:

Matthew 27:1 · KJV


Context

1

When the morning was come, all the chief priests and elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to put him to death:

2

And when they had bound him, they led him away, and delivered him to Pontius Pilate the governor.

3

Then Judas, which had betrayed him, when he saw that he was condemned, repented himself, and brought again the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
When the morning was come (πρωΐας δὲ γενομένης)—The Sanhedrin reconvened at daybreak to give their condemnation legal legitimacy, as capital trials conducted at night were prohibited under Jewish law (Mishnah Sanhedrin 4:1). Their nocturnal examination was illegal; this morning session was a façade of due process.

All the chief priests and elders formed the Sanhedrin, Israel's supreme court of 71 members. The phrase took counsel (συμβούλιον ἔλαβον) means they reached a formal verdict—not merely deliberation, but judicial conspiracy. To put him to death (ὥστε θανατῶσαι αὐτόν) reveals their predetermined intent: not justice but execution. Since Rome had removed capital jurisdiction from Jewish courts (John 18:31), they needed Pilate's cooperation, transforming religious charges into political treason.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This occurred Friday morning, circa AD 30-33, during Passover week when Jerusalem swelled with pilgrims. The Sanhedrin met in the Chamber of Hewn Stone on the Temple Mount. Though they had religious authority, Roman occupation meant only the prefect could execute capital punishment. The chief priests were predominantly Sadducees who collaborated with Rome, viewing Jesus as a threat to their political arrangement (John 11:48).

Reflection Questions

  1. When have you witnessed authority figures manipulating legal procedures to achieve predetermined outcomes? How does Christ's silent submission challenge worldly power?
  2. The religious establishment condemned the Messiah they claimed to await. What blindness in your own religious tradition might cause you to reject God's work?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 19 words
Πρωΐας1 of 19

the morning

G4405

day-dawn

δὲ2 of 19

When

G1161

but, and, etc

γενομένης3 of 19

was come

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

συμβούλιον4 of 19

counsel

G4824

advisement; specially, a deliberative body, i.e., the provincial assessors or lay-court

ἔλαβον5 of 19

took

G2983

while g0138 is more violent, to seize or remove))

πάντες6 of 19

all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

οἱ7 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀρχιερεῖς8 of 19

the chief priests

G749

the high-priest (literally, of the jews; typically, christ); by extension a chief priest

καὶ9 of 19

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

οἱ10 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πρεσβύτεροι11 of 19

elders

G4245

older; as noun, a senior; specially, an israelite sanhedrist (also figuratively, member of the celestial council) or christian "presbyter"

τοῦ12 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

λαοῦ13 of 19

of the people

G2992

a people (in general; thus differing from g1218, which denotes one's own populace)

κατὰ14 of 19

against

G2596

(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)

τοῦ15 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰησοῦ16 of 19

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

ὥστε17 of 19

to

G5620

so too, i.e., thus therefore (in various relations of consecution, as follow)

θανατῶσαι18 of 19

put

G2289

to kill

αὐτόν·19 of 19

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 27:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 27:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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