King James Version

What Does Mark 4:38 Mean?

Mark 4:38 in the King James Version says “And he was in the hinder part of the ship, asleep on a pillow: and they awake him, and say unto him, Master, carest thou...” — study this verse from Mark chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

“And he was in the hinder part of the ship, asleep on a pillow: and they awake him, and say unto him, Master, carest thou not that we perish?”

Mark 4:38 · King James Version


Context

36

And when they had sent away the multitude, they took him even as he was in the ship. And there were also with him other little ships.

37

And there arose a great storm of wind, and the waves beat into the ship, so that it was now full.

38

And he was in the hinder part of the ship, asleep on a pillow: and they awake him, and say unto him, Master, carest thou not that we perish?

39

And he arose, and rebuked the wind, and said unto the sea, Peace, be still. And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm.

40

And he said unto them, Why are ye so fearful? how is it that ye have no faith?


Commentaries4 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
Contrast intensifies: 'he was in the hinder part of the ship, asleep on a pillow.' While disciples panic, Jesus sleeps peacefully. The 'hinder part' (πρύμνῃ) was stern, slightly elevated—common sleeping place. 'Asleep on a pillow' (καθεύδων ἐπὶ τὸ προσκεφάλαιον) shows deep sleep despite violent storm—evidence of humanity (exhaustion) and deity (peace amid chaos). Disciples wake Him: 'Master, carest thou not that we perish?' The question reveals fear and implicit rebuke—'don't you care?' Their crisis exposed insufficient faith. They knew Jesus' power (miracles) but doubted His care. The question 'carest thou not' shows they expected action.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The 'pillow' (προσκεφάλαιον) was likely leather cushion used by steersman or sandbag ballast—not luxurious but functional. Sleeping during storm demonstrates either complete exhaustion or supernatural peace (or both). Fishermen's panic shows genuine danger—they faced death. Ancient world understood divine sleep during crisis: Jonah slept during storm (Jonah 1:5), contrasting faithful trust with prophetic rebellion. Jesus' sleep contrasts human fear with divine peace. Early church saw this as Christological testimony: fully human (tired, sleeping) yet fully divine (peaceful, authoritative). The disciples' rebuke shows familiarity and trust, even if faith wavered.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus' peace during your storms demonstrate His trustworthiness and sovereignty?
  2. What does the disciples' question 'carest thou not' reveal about doubts that arise during trials?
  3. How can you cultivate Jesus' peace—resting in God's sovereignty despite surrounding chaos?

Compare 4 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Greek · 22 words
καὶ1 of 22

“And”

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἦν2 of 22

“he was”

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)

αὐτῷ3 of 22

“him”

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἐπὶ4 of 22

“in”

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

τῇ5 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πρύμνῃ6 of 22

“the hinder part of the ship”

G4403

the stern of a ship

ἐπὶ7 of 22

“in”

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

τὸ8 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

προσκεφάλαιον9 of 22

“a pillow”

G4344

something for the head, i.e., a cushion

καθεύδων10 of 22

“asleep”

G2518

to lie down to rest, i.e., (by implication) to fall asleep (literally or figuratively)

καὶ11 of 22

“And”

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

διεγείρουσιν12 of 22

“they awake”

G1326

to wake fully; i.e., arouse (literally or figuratively)

αὐτῷ13 of 22

“him”

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ14 of 22

“And”

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

λέγουσιν15 of 22

“say”

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

αὐτῷ16 of 22

“him”

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Διδάσκαλε17 of 22

“Master”

G1320

an instructor (genitive case or specially)

οὐ18 of 22

“not”

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

μέλει19 of 22

“carest”

G3199

to be of interest to, i.e., to concern (only third person singular present indicative used impersonally, it matters)

σοι20 of 22

“thou”

G4671

to thee

ὅτι21 of 22

“that”

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

ἀπολλύμεθα22 of 22

“we perish”

G622

to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Mark. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Mark 4:38 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Mark 4:38 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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