King James Version

What Does Luke 12:59 Mean?

Luke 12:59 in the King James Version says “I tell thee, thou shalt not depart thence, till thou hast paid the very last mite. — study this verse from Luke chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

I tell thee, thou shalt not depart thence, till thou hast paid the very last mite.

Luke 12:59 · KJV


Context

57

Yea, and why even of yourselves judge ye not what is right?

58

When thou goest with thine adversary to the magistrate, as thou art in the way, give diligence that thou mayest be delivered from him; lest he hale thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and the officer cast thee into prison.

59

I tell thee, thou shalt not depart thence, till thou hast paid the very last mite.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
I tell thee, thou shalt not depart thence, till thou hast paid the very last mite (λέγω σοι, οὐ μὴ ἐξέλθῃς ἐκεῖθεν, ἕως καὶ τὸ ἔσχατον λεπτὸν ἀποδῷς)—Jesus concludes the legal parable with finality. The double negative ou mē (not...not, absolutely will not) emphasizes impossibility of escape. Heos (until, till) sets the condition: payment of to eschaton lepton (the very last mite). The lepton was the smallest Jewish coin (the widow's mite, Luke 21:2). Complete payment required before release.

This terrifying conclusion depicts eternal judgment's finality. Those entering God's tribunal without Christ's righteousness face impossible debt. The 'last mite' suggests a debt that can never be fully paid—eternal condemnation. The parable's urgency: settle accounts through Christ before reaching judgment, because after, escape is impossible. This anticipates Jesus's teaching on eternal punishment (Luke 16:26—unbridgeable gulf).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Debtors' prison was common in Roman legal system—creditors could imprison debtors until full restitution. For those unable to pay, this meant indefinite imprisonment. Jesus uses this familiar reality to illustrate eternal judgment's inescapability. The 'last mite' (smallest coin) emphasizes absolute completeness—no debt overlooked, no penalty reduced.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the impossibility of 'paying the last mite' drive you to Christ's substitutionary payment rather than religious self-effort?
  2. What does this parable teach about the urgency of accepting God's offer of reconciliation through Christ?
  3. How should awareness of inescapable future judgment affect present priorities and eternal preparation?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
λέγω1 of 13

I tell

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

σοι2 of 13

thee

G4671

to thee

οὐ3 of 13
G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

μὴ4 of 13
G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

ἐξέλθῃς5 of 13

depart

G1831

to issue (literally or figuratively)

ἐκεῖθεν6 of 13

thence

G1564

thence

ἕως7 of 13

till

G2193

a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place)

οὐ8 of 13
G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

καὶ9 of 13
G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τὸ10 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἔσχατον11 of 13

the very last

G2078

farthest, final (of place or time)

λεπτὸν12 of 13

mite

G3016

something scaled (light), i.e., a small coin

ἀποδῷς13 of 13

thou hast paid

G591

to give away, i.e., up, over, back, etc. (in various applications)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 12:59 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 12:59 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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