King James Version

What Does Luke 1:38 Mean?

Luke 1:38 in the King James Version says “And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her. — study this verse from Luke chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her.

Luke 1:38 · KJV


Context

36

And, behold, thy cousin Elisabeth, she hath also conceived a son in her old age: and this is the sixth month with her, who was called barren.

37

For with God nothing shall be impossible.

38

And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her.

39

And Mary arose in those days, and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Juda;

40

And entered into the house of Zacharias, and saluted Elisabeth.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Mary's response demonstrates the Greek word 'hupēretis' (handmaid/servant), indicating willing submission to God's will despite the enormous personal cost and social stigma she would face. Her words 'be it unto me according to thy word' echo the passive voice, showing she recognized herself as the recipient of God's action rather than an active participant. This exemplifies saving faith—trusting submission to God's revealed word—and contrasts sharply with Zechariah's unbelief (Luke 1:18-20).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

An unmarried pregnant woman in first-century Judaism faced potential divorce (Matthew 1:19), public shame, and even stoning under the most strict interpretation of the Law. Mary's acceptance required extraordinary faith and courage, knowing the social consequences she would endure.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Mary's immediate submission teach you about responding to God's will when the cost seems overwhelming?
  2. How does Mary's faith contrast with Zechariah's doubt, and what does this reveal about the nature of true belief?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 19 words
εἶπεν1 of 19

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

δὲ2 of 19

And

G1161

but, and, etc

Μαριάμ3 of 19

Mary

G3137

maria or mariam (i.e., mirjam), the name of six christian females

Ἰδού,4 of 19

Behold

G2400

used as imperative lo!

5 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δούλη6 of 19

the handmaid

G1399

a female slave (involuntarily or voluntarily)

κυρίου·7 of 19

of the Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

γένοιτό8 of 19

be it

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

μοι9 of 19

unto me

G3427

to me

κατὰ10 of 19

according

G2596

(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)

τὸ11 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ῥῆμά12 of 19

word

G4487

an utterance (individually, collectively or specially),; by implication, a matter or topic (especially of narration, command or dispute); with a negat

σου13 of 19

to thy

G4675

of thee, thy

καὶ14 of 19

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἀπῆλθεν15 of 19

departed

G565

to go off (i.e., depart), aside (i.e., apart) or behind (i.e., follow), literally or figuratively

ἀπ'16 of 19

from

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

αὐτῆς17 of 19

her

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

18 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἄγγελος19 of 19

the angel

G32

compare g0034) (to bring tidings); a messenger; especially an "angel"; by implication, a pastor


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 1:38 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 1:38 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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