King James Version

What Does Judges 20:10 Mean?

And we will take ten men of an hundred throughout all the tribes of Israel, and an hundred of a thousand, and a thousand out of ten thousand, to fetch victual for the people, that they may do, when they come to Gibeah of Benjamin, according to all the folly that they have wrought in Israel.

Judges 20:10 · KJV


Context

8

And all the people arose as one man, saying, We will not any of us go to his tent, neither will we any of us turn into his house.

9

But now this shall be the thing which we will do to Gibeah; we will go up by lot against it;

10

And we will take ten men of an hundred throughout all the tribes of Israel, and an hundred of a thousand, and a thousand out of ten thousand, to fetch victual for the people, that they may do, when they come to Gibeah of Benjamin, according to all the folly that they have wrought in Israel.

11

So all the men of Israel were gathered against the city, knit together as one man. knit: Heb. fellows

12

And the tribes of Israel sent men through all the tribe of Benjamin, saying, What wickedness is this that is done among you?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
We will take ten men of an hundred throughout all the tribes of Israel, and an hundred of a thousand, and a thousand out of ten thousand—a decimation system (10% supply support, 90% combat forces) showing sophisticated military logistics. To fetch victual for the people (לָקַחַת צֵדָה לָעָם, laqachat tzeidah la'am)—the combat force would require massive supply lines. That they may do, when they come to Gibeah of Benjamin, according to all the folly that they have wrought in Israel—the stated purpose: punish Gibeah's 'folly' (נְבָלָה, nevalah, covenant-breaking wickedness).

Israel's military organization demonstrates competence and scale but reveals concerning assumptions. They plan for sustained siege warfare against a brother tribe without first attempting diplomacy, negotiation, or calling for Benjamin to surrender the guilty parties. Their logistics anticipate total war—complete destruction of Gibeah—rather than targeted justice against specific perpetrators. Righteous causes pursued through disproportionate means become unrighteous. The chapter will demonstrate this truth: Israel's initial defeats stem not from military incompetence but from spiritual inadequacy. Their comprehensive preparation for war contrasts with their incomplete preparation of heart. When we make thorough plans for human action but minimal provision for spiritual discernment, we guarantee stumbling despite superior resources.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern warfare required extensive logistical preparation, especially for prolonged campaigns. The 10:1 ratio of combatants to supply personnel mirrors patterns seen in later Israelite military organization (2 Chronicles 25:5). The text's detailed focus on logistics emphasizes that Israel approached this as major warfare, not police action—showing how seriously they took covenant violation, yet also how quickly righteous indignation escalates to total war.

Reflection Questions

  1. When do your thorough preparations for action reveal inadequate preparation in prayer and spiritual discernment?
  2. How do you escalate from proportionate justice to total warfare when dealing with offenses?
  3. What does it mean to match military (or practical) competence with spiritual wisdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 23 words
לָקַ֥חַת1 of 23

And we will take

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

עֲשָׂרָה֩2 of 23

ten

H6235

ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)

אֲנָשִׁ֨ים3 of 23
H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

וּמֵאָ֤ה4 of 23

and an hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

לְכֹ֣ל׀5 of 23
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

שִׁבְטֵ֣י6 of 23

throughout all the tribes

H7626

a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan

בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃7 of 23

in Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

וּמֵאָ֤ה8 of 23

and an hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

וְאֶ֣לֶף9 of 23

and a thousand

H505

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

וְאֶ֣לֶף10 of 23

and a thousand

H505

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

לָֽרְבָבָ֔ה11 of 23

out of ten thousand

H7233

abundance (in number), i.e., (specifically) a myriad (whether definite or indefinite)

לָקַ֥חַת12 of 23

And we will take

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

צֵדָ֖ה13 of 23

victual

H6720

food

לָעָ֑ם14 of 23

for the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

עָשָׂ֖ה15 of 23

that they have wrought

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

לְבוֹאָם֙16 of 23

when they come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

לְגֶ֣בַע17 of 23

to Gibeah

H1387

geba, a place in palestine

בִּנְיָמִ֔ן18 of 23

of Benjamin

H1144

binjamin, youngest son of jacob; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

כְּכָ֨ל19 of 23
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַנְּבָלָ֔ה20 of 23

according to all the folly

H5039

foolishness, i.e., (morally) wickedness; concretely, a crime; by extension, punishment

אֲשֶׁ֥ר21 of 23
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

עָשָׂ֖ה22 of 23

that they have wrought

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃23 of 23

in Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Judges. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Judges 20:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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