King James Version

What Does Joshua 14:15 Mean?

Joshua 14:15 in the King James Version says “And the name of Hebron before was Kirjatharba; which Arba was a great man among the Anakims. And the land had rest from ... — study this verse from Joshua chapter 14 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the name of Hebron before was Kirjatharba; which Arba was a great man among the Anakims. And the land had rest from war.

Joshua 14:15 · KJV


Context

13

And Joshua blessed him, and gave unto Caleb the son of Jephunneh Hebron for an inheritance.

14

Hebron therefore became the inheritance of Caleb the son of Jephunneh the Kenezite unto this day, because that he wholly followed the LORD God of Israel.

15

And the name of Hebron before was Kirjatharba; which Arba was a great man among the Anakims. And the land had rest from war.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the name of Hebron before was Kirjath-arba—Kirjath-arba (קִרְיַת אַרְבַּע) means "city of Arba" or "city of four." Arba (אַרְבַּע) was "a great man among the Anakims"—perhaps the greatest of the giant clans that terrorized the ten spies (Numbers 13:28, 33). The Hebrew ha-adam ha-gadol (הָאָדָם הַגָּדוֹל, "the great man") could mean physically great (giant) or socially great (chief). Either way, his city represented Israel's greatest fear forty years earlier.

And the land had rest from war—This concluding phrase marks a major transition. The Hebrew shaqat (שָׁקַט, "rest/quiet") appears at key points in Joshua and Judges, indicating periods when God's people experienced peace through obedience. The conquest of Hebron—symbol of Israel's former fear now possessed by Caleb's faith—appropriately introduces this rest. True rest comes not from absence of enemies but from God's faithfulness rewarding wholehearted obedience. Caleb's conquest of giants brought rest to the land.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The phrase "land had rest from war" marks the end of the major conquest phase (circa 1400 BC). While pockets of resistance remained and individual tribes still had work to do, the systematic national campaigns under Joshua's unified command were complete. This rest lasted until later oppression during the period of Judges, demonstrating that maintaining rest requires continued obedience.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Caleb's conquest of Israel's greatest former fear (Anakim giants) illustrate faith overcoming fear?
  2. What does it mean that 'the land had rest from war' when some enemies still remained unconquered?
  3. How might naming Hebron after its former giant king serve as perpetual reminder of God's power to overcome our greatest obstacles?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְשֵׁ֨ם1 of 12

And the name

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

חֶבְר֤וֹן2 of 12

of Hebron

H2275

chebron, the name of two israelites

לְפָנִים֙3 of 12

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

קִרְיַ֣ת4 of 12
H0
אַרְבַּ֔ע5 of 12

was Kirjatharba

H7153

kirjath-arba or kirjath-ha-arba, a place in palestine

הָֽאָדָ֧ם6 of 12

man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

הַגָּד֛וֹל7 of 12

which Arba was a great

H1419

great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

בָּֽעֲנָקִ֖ים8 of 12

among the Anakims

H6062

an anakite or descendant of anak

ה֑וּא9 of 12
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

וְהָאָ֥רֶץ10 of 12

And the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

שָֽׁקְטָ֖ה11 of 12

had rest

H8252

to repose (usually figurative)

מִמִּלְחָמָֽה׃12 of 12

from war

H4421

a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joshua. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joshua 14:15 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joshua 14:15 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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