King James Version

What Does John 17:3 Mean?

John 17:3 in the King James Version says “And this is life eternal, that they might know thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent. — study this verse from John chapter 17 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And this is life eternal, that they might know thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent.

John 17:3 · KJV


Context

1

These words spake Jesus, and lifted up his eyes to heaven, and said, Father, the hour is come; glorify thy Son, that thy Son also may glorify thee:

2

As thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him.

3

And this is life eternal, that they might know thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent.

4

I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do.

5

And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee before the world was.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus defines eternal life: 'And this is life eternal, that they might know thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent' (haute de estin he aionios zoe hina ginoskosin se ton monon alethinon theon kai hon apesteilas Iesoun Christon). Eternal life (zoe aionios) is not merely endless existence but knowing (ginoskosin) God. The verb ginosko indicates experiential, intimate knowledge, not mere intellectual awareness. The description 'the only true God' (ton monon alethinon theon) affirms monotheism - one genuine God exists. Critically, Jesus includes knowing Himself: 'and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent.' This places Jesus alongside the Father as object of saving knowledge - a staggering claim to deity. Eternal life consists in relationship with Father and Son. This definition transforms soteriology - salvation is not escaping hell but knowing God through Christ.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This comes from Jesus' High Priestly Prayer, offered before His arrest. The prayer reveals Jesus' intimate communion with the Father and His understanding of His mission. In Jewish thought, knowing God meant covenant relationship, not abstract philosophy. Prophets promised a day when 'the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the LORD' (Isaiah 11:9). Jesus claims to mediate this knowledge - no one knows the Father except through the Son (Matthew 11:27). Early church understood that Christianity's distinctiveness lay in knowing God personally through Christ. Gnostic heresies claimed secret knowledge (gnosis) brought salvation; orthodox Christianity countered that knowing God through Christ was openly available through faith. Aquinas distinguished natural knowledge of God (through reason) from supernatural knowledge (through revelation). Reformation emphasized that knowing God required Spirit-illumination. Modern evangelicalism sometimes reduces salvation to transactional forgiveness; this verse emphasizes relational knowledge.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does defining eternal life as knowing God transform our understanding of salvation from legal transaction to personal relationship?
  2. Why does Jesus include knowing Himself alongside knowing the Father - what does this teach about His identity?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
αὕτη1 of 18

this

G3778

the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

δέ2 of 18

And

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐστιν3 of 18

is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

4 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

αἰώνιος5 of 18

eternal

G166

perpetual (also used of past time, or past and future as well)

ζωή6 of 18

life

G2222

life (literally or figuratively)

ἵνα7 of 18

that

G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

γινώσκωσιν8 of 18

they might know

G1097

to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed)

σὲ9 of 18

thee

G4571

thee

τὸν10 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μόνον11 of 18

the only

G3441

remaining, i.e., sole or single; by implication, mere

ἀληθινὸν12 of 18

true

G228

truthful

θεὸν13 of 18

God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

καὶ14 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ὃν15 of 18

whom

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

ἀπέστειλας16 of 18

thou hast sent

G649

set apart, i.e., (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or figuratively

Ἰησοῦν17 of 18

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

Χριστόν18 of 18

Christ

G5547

anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 17:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 17:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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