King James Version

What Does John 1:31 Mean?

John 1:31 in the King James Version says “And I knew him not: but that he should be made manifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water. — study this verse from John chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And I knew him not: but that he should be made manifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water.

John 1:31 · KJV


Context

29

The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world. taketh away: or, beareth

30

This is he of whom I said, After me cometh a man which is preferred before me: for he was before me.

31

And I knew him not: but that he should be made manifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water.

32

And John bare record, saying, I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him.

33

And I knew him not: but he that sent me to baptize with water, the same said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending, and remaining on him, the same is he which baptizeth with the Holy Ghost.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
John's repeated 'I knew him not' emphasizes that his witness came through divine revelation, not natural acquaintance (though they were relatives). His baptismal ministry served the singular purpose of manifesting Christ to Israel. This illustrates the Reformed principle that all means of grace exist to reveal Christ and draw His people to Him.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Though Mary and Elizabeth were relatives (Luke 1:36), Jesus and John apparently had little contact before Jesus' baptism. John's ministry began around 26-27 AD, preparing Israel for Christ's public revelation.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do our ministries and gifts serve the ultimate purpose of revealing Christ to others?
  2. What does it mean for Christ to be 'manifested' rather than merely introduced or presented?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 17 words
κἀγὼ1 of 17

And I

G2504

so also the dative case ????? <pronunciation strongs="kam-oy'"/>, and accusative case ???? <pronunciation strongs="kam-eh'"/> and (or also, even, etc.

οὐκ2 of 17

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

ᾔδειν3 of 17

knew

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

αὐτόν4 of 17

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἀλλ'5 of 17

but

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

ἵνα6 of 17

that

G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

φανερωθῇ7 of 17

he should be made manifest

G5319

to render apparent (literally or figuratively)

τῷ8 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰσραὴλ9 of 17

to Israel

G2474

israel (i.e., jisrael), the adopted name of jacob, including his descendants (literally or figuratively)

διὰ10 of 17

therefore

G1223

through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)

τοῦτο11 of 17
G5124

that thing

ἦλθον12 of 17

am

G2064

to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

ἐγὼ13 of 17

I

G1473

i, me

ἐν14 of 17

with

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τῷ15 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ὕδατι16 of 17

water

G5204

water (as if rainy) literally or figuratively

βαπτίζων17 of 17

baptizing

G907

to immerse, submerge; to make whelmed (i.e., fully wet); used only (in the new testament) of ceremonial ablution, especially (technically) of the ordi


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 1:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 1:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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