King James Version

What Does Isaiah 55:3 Mean?

Isaiah 55:3 in the King James Version says “Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live; and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, ev... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 55 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live; and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David.

Isaiah 55:3 · KJV


Context

1

Ho, every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters, and he that hath no money; come ye, buy, and eat; yea, come, buy wine and milk without money and without price.

2

Wherefore do ye spend money for that which is not bread? and your labour for that which satisfieth not? hearken diligently unto me, and eat ye that which is good, and let your soul delight itself in fatness. spend: Heb. weigh

3

Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live; and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David.

4

Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people, a leader and commander to the people.

5

Behold, thou shalt call a nation that thou knowest not, and nations that knew not thee shall run unto thee because of the LORD thy God, and for the Holy One of Israel; for he hath glorified thee.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live; and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David. The threefold invitation—"Incline your ear" (hattu 'aznekem, הַטּוּ אָזְנְכֶם), "come," "hear"—emphasizes responsive action. Inclining the ear suggests attentive, deliberate listening, not casual hearing. The promise "your soul shall live" (ticheye nafshekem, תְּחִי נַפְשְׁכֶם) offers spiritual life, not mere existence but abundant, eternal vitality.

The "everlasting covenant" (berit 'olam, בְּרִית עוֹלָם) recalls Abrahamic, Mosaic, and Davidic covenants, now offered to all who respond. "Sure mercies of David" (chasdei David hane'emanim, חַסְדֵי דָוִד הַנֶּאֱמָנִים) references God's unconditional promises to David (2 Samuel 7:12-16) regarding eternal dynasty. Chesed (חֶסֶד) means covenant loyalty/faithful love; ne'eman (נֶאֱמָן) means faithful/reliable. These Davidic promises find ultimate fulfillment in Christ.

From a Reformed perspective, this prophesies the new covenant in Christ's blood (Luke 22:20, Hebrews 8:6-13). The everlasting covenant isn't earned but received through hearing and coming to God. The sure mercies are Christ's resurrection and reign (Acts 13:34 quotes this verse regarding Christ's resurrection). This verse grounds assurance in covenant promise—God's oath regarding David's heir (Christ) guarantees believers' eternal life and security.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Davidic covenant (2 Samuel 7) promised David an eternal dynasty and kingdom. This seemed broken by exile—no Davidic king ruled after Zedekiah's removal (586 BCE). Yet Isaiah promises these mercies remain "sure" (reliable, faithful), extending beyond David's physical descendants to all who respond to God's invitation.

Post-exilic return didn't restore Davidic monarchy, creating theological tension. How are the promises sure? Acts 13:32-34 answers: Christ's resurrection fulfills this, establishing eternal Davidic reign. The early church understood Isaiah 55:3 as gospel promise—all who come to Christ receive the covenant mercies promised to David. Church history demonstrates the dynasty's perpetuity through Christ's unending kingdom, not earthly political restoration.

Reflection Questions

  1. How are you 'inclining your ear' to God's word in daily life?
  2. What does it mean practically that your soul shall live through hearing and coming to God?
  3. How does Christ's fulfillment of 'David's sure mercies' strengthen your covenant confidence?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
הַטּ֤וּ1 of 14

Incline

H5186

to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application (as follows)

אָזְנְכֶם֙2 of 14

your ear

H241

broadness. i.e., (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)

וּלְכ֣וּ3 of 14
H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

אֵלַ֔י4 of 14
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

שִׁמְע֖וּ5 of 14

unto me hear

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

וּתְחִ֣י6 of 14

shall live

H2421

to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive

נַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם7 of 14

and your soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

וְאֶכְרְתָ֤ה8 of 14

and I will make

H3772

to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt

לָכֶם֙9 of 14
H0
בְּרִ֣ית10 of 14

covenant

H1285

a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)

עוֹלָ֔ם11 of 14

an everlasting

H5769

properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial

חַֽסְדֵ֥י12 of 14

mercies

H2617

kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty

דָוִ֖ד13 of 14

of David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

הַנֶּאֱמָנִֽים׃14 of 14

with you even the sure

H539

properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render (or be) firm or faithful, to trust or believe, to be permanen


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 55:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 55:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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