King James Version

What Does Isaiah 54:1 Mean?

Isaiah 54:1 in the King James Version says “Sing, O barren, thou that didst not bear; break forth into singing, and cry aloud, thou that didst not travail with chil... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 54 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Sing, O barren, thou that didst not bear; break forth into singing, and cry aloud, thou that didst not travail with child: for more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, saith the LORD.

Isaiah 54:1 · KJV


Context

1

Sing, O barren, thou that didst not bear; break forth into singing, and cry aloud, thou that didst not travail with child: for more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, saith the LORD.

2

Enlarge the place of thy tent, and let them stretch forth the curtains of thine habitations: spare not, lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes;

3

For thou shalt break forth on the right hand and on the left; and thy seed shall inherit the Gentiles, and make the desolate cities to be inhabited.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The command to the 'barren' woman to 'sing' and 'break forth into singing' celebrates the impossible-made-possible through God's grace. The promise that 'more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife' reverses natural expectation - divine intervention produces greater fruitfulness than human effort. Paul applies this in Galatians 4:27 to show the Spirit-born church exceeds the flesh-born old covenant community.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Exiled Jerusalem seemed permanently barren (no temple, no king), yet God promised fruitfulness exceeding pre-exile glory. This pattern (Sarah, Hannah, Elizabeth) shows God specializes in making the impossible happen, demonstrating that salvation comes by grace, not nature.

Reflection Questions

  1. What areas of spiritual 'barrenness' in your life need God's supernatural fruitfulness?
  2. How does the church's explosive growth from small beginnings fulfill this prophecy of the barren bearing many?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 17 words
רָנִּ֥י1 of 17

Sing

H7442

properly, to creak (or emit a stridulous sound), i.e., to shout (usually for joy)

עֲקָרָ֖ה2 of 17

O barren

H6135

sterile (as if extirpated in the generative organs)

לֹ֣א3 of 17
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָלָ֑דָה4 of 17

thou that didst not bear

H3205

to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage

פִּצְחִ֨י5 of 17

break forth

H6476

to break out (in joyful sound)

רִנָּ֤ה6 of 17

into singing

H7440

properly, a creaking (or shrill sound), i.e., shout (of joy or grief)

וְצַהֲלִי֙7 of 17

and cry aloud

H6670

to gleam, i.e., (figuratively) be cheerful

לֹא8 of 17
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

חָ֔לָה9 of 17

thou that didst not travail with child

H2342

properly, to twist or whirl (in a circular or spiral manner), i.e., (specifically) to dance, to writhe in pain (especially of parturition) or fear; fi

כִּֽי10 of 17
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

רַבִּ֧ים11 of 17

for more

H7227

abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)

מִבְּנֵ֥י12 of 17

are the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

שׁוֹמֵמָ֛ה13 of 17

of the desolate

H8074

to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e., devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense)

מִבְּנֵ֥י14 of 17

are the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

בְעוּלָ֖ה15 of 17

of the married wife

H1166

to be master; hence, to marry

אָמַ֥ר16 of 17

saith

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

יְהוָֽה׃17 of 17

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 54:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 54:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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