King James Version

What Does Isaiah 20:1 Mean?

Isaiah 20:1 in the King James Version says “In the year that Tartan came unto Ashdod, (when Sargon the king of Assyria sent him,) and fought against Ashdod, and too... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

In the year that Tartan came unto Ashdod, (when Sargon the king of Assyria sent him,) and fought against Ashdod, and took it;

Isaiah 20:1 · KJV


Context

1

In the year that Tartan came unto Ashdod, (when Sargon the king of Assyria sent him,) and fought against Ashdod, and took it;

2

At the same time spake the LORD by Isaiah the son of Amoz, saying, Go and loose the sackcloth from off thy loins, and put off thy shoe from thy foot. And he did so, walking naked and barefoot. by: Heb. by the hand of

3

And the LORD said, Like as my servant Isaiah hath walked naked and barefoot three years for a sign and wonder upon Egypt and upon Ethiopia;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
In the year that Tartan came unto Ashdod, (when Sargon king of Assyria sent him,) and fought against Ashdod, and took it. Precise historical reference grounds the prophecy: Tartan (Assyrian military commander title, not personal name) conquered Ashdod (Philistine city) under Sargon II's orders. Archaeological validation: Sargon's annals record this 712-711 BCE campaign. This demonstrates biblical prophecy's historical reliability—not mythology but rooted in verifiable events. Ashdod's conquest was part of Assyrian suppression of anti-Assyrian rebellion encouraged by Egypt. The context explains why Isaiah performed the following sign-act—warning against trusting Egyptian help. Reformed theology emphasizes Scripture's historical accuracy as foundational to trustworthiness in spiritual matters—if errant historically, unreliable theologically.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Sargon II (721-705 BCE) was powerful Assyrian emperor who completed Samaria's conquest and campaigned throughout the Levant. Archaeological discoveries include Sargon's palace at Khorsabad with detailed annals. His records mention conquering Ashdod in his 11th year (711 BCE), deporting its population, and installing an Assyrian governor—precisely matching this verse. This prophecy's historical precision demonstrates eyewitness reliability. Isaiah witnessed these events, providing contemporary testimony. The Ashdod rebellion was encouraged by Egypt's 25th Dynasty promising support—support that failed to materialize, validating Isaiah's warnings against trusting Egypt. Modern archaeology's confirmation of biblical historical details strengthens confidence in Scripture's overall trustworthiness.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does precise historical detail teach about Scripture's reliability?
  2. How does archaeological confirmation of events like Ashdod's conquest validate biblical testimony?
  3. Why is historical accuracy important for theological trustworthiness?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
בִּשְׁנַ֨ת1 of 12

In the year

H8141

a year (as a revolution of time)

בֹּ֤א2 of 12

came

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

תַרְתָּן֙3 of 12

that Tartan

H8661

tartan, an assyrian

בְּאַשְׁדּ֖וֹד4 of 12

against Ashdod

H795

ashdod, a place in palestine

בִּשְׁלֹ֣ח5 of 12

sent

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

אֹת֔וֹ6 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

סַֽרְג֖וֹן7 of 12

when Sargon

H5623

sargon, an assyrian king

מֶ֣לֶךְ8 of 12

the king

H4428

a king

אַשּׁ֑וּר9 of 12

of Assyria

H804

ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire

וַיִּלָּ֥חֶם10 of 12

him and fought

H3898

to feed on; figuratively, to consume

בְּאַשְׁדּ֖וֹד11 of 12

against Ashdod

H795

ashdod, a place in palestine

וַֽיִּלְכְּדָֽהּ׃12 of 12

and took

H3920

to catch (in a net, trap or pit); generally, to capture or occupy; also to choose (by lot); figuratively, to cohere


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 20:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 20:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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