King James Version

What Does Genesis 34:21 Mean?

These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for the land, behold, it is large enough for them; let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters.

Genesis 34:21 · KJV


Context

19

And the young man deferred not to do the thing, because he had delight in Jacob's daughter: and he was more honourable than all the house of his father.

20

And Hamor and Shechem his son came unto the gate of their city, and communed with the men of their city, saying,

21

These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for the land, behold, it is large enough for them; let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters.

22

Only herein will the men consent unto us for to dwell with us, to be one people, if every male among us be circumcised, as they are circumcised.

23

Shall not their cattle and their substance and every beast of theirs be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for the la... This passage belongs to the Jacob narratives which demonstrate God's sovereign election overriding human merit and the transformation of a deceiver into Israel, the father of the twelve tribes. The Jacob cycle shows how divine purposes advance through flawed individuals whom God graciously transforms.

Key themes include God's sovereign choice ("the older shall serve the younger"), the consequences of deception and family dysfunction, exile and return patterns, wrestling with God leading to blessing, and covenant renewal across generations. Jacob's character development from manipulative deceiver to mature patriarch demonstrates sanctification's lifelong process.

Theologically significant aspects include: (1) divine election based on grace not merit (Romans 9:10-13); (2) God's faithfulness to covenant promises despite human unfaithfulness; (3) discipline as evidence of divine love and means of transformation; (4) generational patterns of sin requiring divine intervention to break; (5) prayer and wrestling with God as legitimate expressions of faith. Jacob's limp after wrestling God symbolizes how divine encounters leave permanent marks, transforming our approach to life and dependence on God rather than our own cunning.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The patriarchal narratives (Genesis 12-50) reflect the cultural, social, and legal customs of the ancient Near East during the Middle Bronze Age (2000-1500 BCE). Archaeological discoveries including the Mari tablets, Nuzi tablets, and Egyptian records confirm many details: nomadic pastoralism, covenant-making ceremonies, marriage customs, property laws, and international travel patterns described in Genesis.

The cultural practices reflected include: treaty/covenant forms (Genesis 15), bride-price customs (Genesis 24, 29), inheritance laws favoring firstborn sons (Genesis 25, 27), adoption practices (Genesis 15, 30), levirate-type arrangements (Genesis 38), and Egyptian administrative systems (Genesis 41, 47). These parallels confirm Genesis's historical reliability while showing how God worked within ancient cultural frameworks to accomplish His purposes.

For later Israelites, these narratives established their identity as Abraham's descendants, explained their claim to Canaan, justified their possession of Joseph's bones (Exodus 13:19), and provided models of faith despite imperfection. The patriarchs' failures and God's faithfulness encouraged Israel that covenant relationship depended on God's grace rather than human merit. The movement from Mesopotamia to Canaan to Egypt set the stage for the Exodus and conquest narratives.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does this passage reveal about God's sovereignty and human responsibility?
  2. How can we apply the principles from this passage to contemporary challenges in family, work, or church?
  3. In what ways does this narrative foreshadow or typify aspects of Christ's redemptive work?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 23 words
הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֨ים1 of 23
H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

הָאֵ֜לֶּה2 of 23
H428

these or those

שְֽׁלֵמִ֧ים3 of 23

are peaceable

H8003

complete (literally or figuratively); especially friendly

הֵ֣ם4 of 23
H1992

they (only used when emphatic)

אִתָּ֗נוּ5 of 23

with

H854

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

וְיֵֽשְׁב֤וּ6 of 23

us therefore let them dwell

H3427

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

וְהָאָ֛רֶץ7 of 23

in the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

וְיִסְחֲר֣וּ8 of 23

and trade

H5503

to travel round (specifically as a pedlar); intensively, to palpitate

אֹתָ֔הּ9 of 23
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

וְהָאָ֛רֶץ10 of 23

in the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

הִנֵּ֥ה11 of 23
H2009

lo!

רַֽחֲבַת12 of 23

behold it is large

H7342

roomy, in any (or every) direction, literally or figuratively

יָדַ֖יִם13 of 23

enough

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם14 of 23

for them

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

אֶת15 of 23
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בְּנֹתֵ֖ינוּ16 of 23

their daughters

H1323

a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

נִקַּֽח17 of 23

let us take

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

לָ֣נוּ18 of 23
H0
לְנָשִׁ֔ים19 of 23

to us for wives

H802

a woman

וְאֶת20 of 23
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בְּנֹתֵ֖ינוּ21 of 23

their daughters

H1323

a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

נִתֵּ֥ן22 of 23

and let us give

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לָהֶֽם׃23 of 23
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Genesis. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Genesis 34:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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