King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 28:11 Mean?

Ezekiel 28:11 in the King James Version says “Moreover the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 28 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Moreover the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,

Ezekiel 28:11 · KJV


Context

9

Wilt thou yet say before him that slayeth thee, I am God? but thou shalt be a man, and no God, in the hand of him that slayeth thee. of him that slayeth: or, of him that woundeth

10

Thou shalt die the deaths of the uncircumcised by the hand of strangers: for I have spoken it, saith the Lord GOD.

11

Moreover the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,

12

Son of man, take up a lamentation upon the king of Tyrus, and say unto him, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Thou sealest up the sum, full of wisdom, and perfect in beauty.

13

Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, the sardius, topaz, and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx, and the jasper, the sapphire, the emerald, and the carbuncle, and gold: the workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in thee in the day that thou wast created. sardius: or, ruby beryl: or, chrysolite emerald: or, chrysoprase


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Moreover the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, This prophetic formula (wayəhî dəbar-YHWH 'ēlay lē'mōr, וַיְהִי דְבַר־יְהוָה אֵלַי לֵאמֹר) marks a transition to a new oracle. The phrase appears over 50 times in Ezekiel, authenticating the prophet's message as divine revelation, not human speculation. The structure emphasizes both the initiative ("came") and the content ("word of the LORD") belong entirely to God.

This introduces the famous lamentation over the king of Tyre (vv. 12-19), one of Scripture's most debated passages. While verses 1-10 addressed the historical king's pride and coming judgment as a mortal man, verses 12-19 shift to language many interpreters see as reaching beyond the human ruler to the spiritual power behind Tyre—Satan himself. The description includes being "in Eden the garden of God" (v. 13), "the anointed cherub that covereth" (v. 14), "perfect in thy ways from the day that thou wast created" (v. 15), and cast down from "the mountain of God" (v. 16).

Whether understood as poetic hyperbole applied to Tyre's king, a dual reference addressing both human ruler and demonic principality, or a direct prophecy against Satan using Tyre's king as an earthly type, the passage reveals the spiritual reality behind human rebellion: pride, self-deification, and the fall that inevitably follows exalting oneself against God.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern laments over fallen rulers often employed cosmic imagery and mythological language (see Isaiah 14:12-15 regarding the king of Babylon, using "Lucifer/Day Star" imagery). Ezekiel, ministering among the exiles in Babylon (593-571 BC), pronounced judgment on surrounding nations (chapters 25-32) to demonstrate Yahweh's universal sovereignty. Tyre's judgment would vindicate God's holiness and justice before watching nations.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does recognizing spiritual powers behind earthly kingdoms affect your prayers for nations and rulers?
  2. What does the transition from human pride (vv. 1-10) to satanic fall (vv. 12-19) teach about the ultimate source of rebellious self-deification?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 5 words
וַיְהִ֥י1 of 5
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

דְבַר2 of 5

Moreover the word

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

יְהוָ֖ה3 of 5

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֵלַ֥י4 of 5
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

לֵאמֹֽר׃5 of 5

came unto me saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 28:11 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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