King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 16:59 Mean?

Ezekiel 16:59 in the King James Version says “For thus saith the Lord GOD; I will even deal with thee as thou hast done, which hast despised the oath in breaking the ... — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 16 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For thus saith the Lord GOD; I will even deal with thee as thou hast done, which hast despised the oath in breaking the covenant.

Ezekiel 16:59 · KJV


Context

57

Before thy wickedness was discovered, as at the time of thy reproach of the daughters of Syria, and all that are round about her, the daughters of the Philistines, which despise thee round about. Syria: Heb. Aram despise: or, spoil

58

Thou hast borne thy lewdness and thine abominations, saith the LORD. borne: Heb. borne them

59

For thus saith the Lord GOD; I will even deal with thee as thou hast done, which hast despised the oath in breaking the covenant.

60

Nevertheless I will remember my covenant with thee in the days of thy youth, and I will establish unto thee an everlasting covenant.

61

Then thou shalt remember thy ways, and be ashamed, when thou shalt receive thy sisters, thine elder and thy younger: and I will give them unto thee for daughters, but not by thy covenant.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For thus saith the Lord GOD; I will even deal with thee as thou hast done, which hast despised the oath in breaking the covenant. The Hebrew bāzâ (בָּזָה, "despised") means to treat with contempt, regard as worthless. The oath (alâ, אָלָה) refers to the covenant oath binding Israel to Yahweh—both God's oath to Abraham and Israel's oath at Sinai. Breaking the covenant (hafer berît, הָפֵר בְּרִית) means violating, annulling, treating as invalid.

This verse introduces the lex talionis (law of retribution): "I will deal with thee as thou hast done." Jerusalem despised covenant fidelity, so God will execute covenant curses (Deuteronomy 28). Yet verse 60 immediately pivots to grace: "Nevertheless I will remember my covenant... and I will establish unto thee an everlasting covenant." Even human covenant-breaking cannot nullify God's covenant faithfulness. The tension between verses 59 and 60 encapsulates the gospel: sin deserves judgment (v. 59), but grace provides the new covenant (v. 60), ratified by Christ's blood (Luke 22:20). God's oath-keeping surpasses human oath-breaking.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Israel entered covenant with Yahweh at Sinai (Exodus 19-24), confirmed at Moab (Deuteronomy 29-30), and renewed at Shechem (Joshua 24). Each ceremony involved oath-taking, calling on God as witness. Covenant violations included idolatry (first commandment), injustice, and syncretism. By Ezekiel's time, Judah had systematically broken every covenant stipulation. The Babylonian exile executed covenant curses (Leviticus 26:27-39, Deuteronomy 28:45-68). Yet even in exile, God promised an everlasting covenant based on His faithfulness, not theirs—the new covenant prophesied in Jeremiah 31:31-34, instituted by Christ.

Reflection Questions

  1. How have you "despised the oath" by treating God's covenant promises lightly while demanding He keep His commitments to you?
  2. What does the shift from verse 59 (judgment) to verse 60 (restoration) reveal about God's character and the gospel?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
כִּ֣י1 of 14
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

כֹ֤ה2 of 14
H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

אָמַר֙3 of 14

For thus saith

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אֲדֹנָ֣י4 of 14

the Lord

H136

the lord (used as a proper name of god only)

יְהוִ֔ה5 of 14

GOD

H3069

god

עָשִׂ֑ית6 of 14

I will even deal

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אוֹתָ֖ךְ7 of 14
H854

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר8 of 14
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

עָשִׂ֑ית9 of 14

I will even deal

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אֲשֶׁר10 of 14
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בָּזִ֥ית11 of 14

which hast despised

H959

to disesteem

אָלָ֖ה12 of 14

the oath

H423

an imprecation

לְהָפֵ֥ר13 of 14

in breaking

H6565

to break up (usually figuratively), i.e., to violate, frustrate

בְּרִֽית׃14 of 14

the covenant

H1285

a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 16:59 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezekiel 16:59 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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