King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 16:18 Mean?

Ezekiel 16:18 in the King James Version says “And tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them: and thou hast set mine oil and mine incense before them. — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 16 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them: and thou hast set mine oil and mine incense before them.

Ezekiel 16:18 · KJV


Context

16

And of thy garments thou didst take, and deckedst thy high places with divers colours, and playedst the harlot thereupon: the like things shall not come, neither shall it be so.

17

Thou hast also taken thy fair jewels of my gold and of my silver, which I had given thee, and madest to thyself images of men, and didst commit whoredom with them, of men: Heb. of a male

18

And tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them: and thou hast set mine oil and mine incense before them.

19

My meat also which I gave thee, fine flour, and oil, and honey, wherewith I fed thee, thou hast even set it before them for a sweet savour: and thus it was, saith the Lord GOD. a sweet: Heb. a savour of rest

20

Moreover thou hast taken thy sons and thy daughters, whom thou hast borne unto me, and these hast thou sacrificed unto them to be devoured. Is this of thy whoredoms a small matter, to be: Heb. to devour


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Thou hast set mine oil and mine incense before them—The Hebrew shemen (שֶׁמֶן, oil) and qetoreth (קְטֹרֶת, incense) were sacred items reserved exclusively for YHWH's worship (Exodus 30:22-33). Jerusalem's spiritual adultery reached its nadir by taking covenant gifts—broidered garments (רִקְמָה, elaborate embroidered vestments)—and using them to adorn idols. This wasn't mere apostasy but covenant betrayal using the very symbols of God's provision.

The prophetic imagery intensifies: Jerusalem dressed her idol-lovers with garments God provided, burned incense meant for His altar, and offered His oil to false gods. Paul's warning against using 'liberty for an occasion to the flesh' (Galatians 5:13) echoes this principle—perverting divine gifts into instruments of rebellion.

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Historical & Cultural Context

During Manasseh's reign (697-642 BC) and the decades before Babylon's invasion, Jerusalem's temple precincts hosted Asherah poles, astral cult altars, and syncretistic worship. Archaeological evidence from Tel Arad and Lachish confirms oil and incense were central to both legitimate and illicit worship.

Reflection Questions

  1. What gifts from God might you be using for purposes contrary to His glory and worship?
  2. How does the misuse of sacred things (time, talents, resources meant for God) constitute spiritual adultery in the New Covenant?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וַתִּקְחִ֛י1 of 9

And tookest

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

אֶת2 of 9
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בִּגְדֵ֥י3 of 9

garments

H899

a covering, i.e., clothing

רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ4 of 9

thy broidered

H7553

variegation of color; specifically, embroidery

וַתְּכַסִּ֑ים5 of 9

and coveredst

H3680

properly, to plump, i.e., fill up hollows; by implication, to cover (for clothing or secrecy)

וְשַׁמְנִי֙6 of 9

mine oil

H8081

grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness

וּקְטָרְתִּ֔י7 of 9

and mine incense

H7004

a fumigation

נָתַ֖תְּי8 of 9

them and thou hast set

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃9 of 9

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 16:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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