King James Version

What Does Exodus 15:20 Mean?

Exodus 15:20 in the King James Version says “And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with ti... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances.

Exodus 15:20 · KJV


Context

18

The LORD shall reign for ever and ever.

19

For the horse of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the LORD brought again the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel went on dry land in the midst of the sea.

20

And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances.

21

And Miriam answered them, Sing ye to the LORD, for he hath triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea.

22

So Moses brought Israel from the Red sea, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur; and they went three days in the wilderness, and found no water.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The introduction of Miriam, 'the prophetess, the sister of Aaron,' shows women's leadership roles in Israel. Her taking 'a timbrel in her hand' initiates communal celebration. The phrase 'all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances' pictures corporate worship led by women. Gender-inclusive worship characterizes Israel's response to redemption. Miriam's prophetess designation indicates she spoke God's word, foreshadowing women's roles in New Testament church (Acts 21:9, 1 Corinthians 11:5).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Timbrels (tambourines) and dancing were standard ancient Near Eastern celebration elements. Miriam's leadership role shows that Israel recognized both male and female prophets. She's named alongside Moses and Aaron in Micah 6:4 as Israel's leaders.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Miriam's prophetess role challenge both limiting women's ministry and ignoring biblical gender distinctions?
  2. What does gender-inclusive worship in response to redemption teach about the gospel breaking down walls?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וַתִּקַּח֩1 of 14

took

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

מִרְיָ֨ם2 of 14

And Miriam

H4813

mirjam, the name of two israelitesses

הַנְּבִיאָ֜ה3 of 14

the prophetess

H5031

a prophetess or (generally) inspired woman; by implication, a poetess; by association a prophet's wife

אֲח֧וֹת4 of 14

the sister

H269

a sister (used very widely [like h0251], literally and figuratively)

אַֽהֲרֹ֛ן5 of 14

of Aaron

H175

aharon, the brother of moses

אֶת6 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בְּתֻפִּ֖ים7 of 14

a timbrel

H8596

a tambourine

בְּיָדָ֑הּ8 of 14

in her hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

וַתֵּצֶ֤אןָ9 of 14

went out

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

כָֽל10 of 14
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַנָּשִׁים֙11 of 14

and all the women

H802

a woman

אַֽחֲרֶ֔יהָ12 of 14

after

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

בְּתֻפִּ֖ים13 of 14

a timbrel

H8596

a tambourine

וּבִמְחֹלֹֽת׃14 of 14

and with dances

H4246

a dance


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 15:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 15:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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