King James Version

What Does Ecclesiastes 8:7 Mean?

Ecclesiastes 8:7 in the King James Version says “For he knoweth not that which shall be: for who can tell him when it shall be? when: or, how it shall be? — study this verse from Ecclesiastes chapter 8 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For he knoweth not that which shall be: for who can tell him when it shall be? when: or, how it shall be?

Ecclesiastes 8:7 · KJV


Context

5

Whoso keepeth the commandment shall feel no evil thing: and a wise man's heart discerneth both time and judgment. shall: Heb. shall know

6

Because to every purpose there is time and judgment, therefore the misery of man is great upon him.

7

For he knoweth not that which shall be: for who can tell him when it shall be? when: or, how it shall be?

8

There is no man that hath power over the spirit to retain the spirit; neither hath he power in the day of death: and there is no discharge in that war; neither shall wickedness deliver those that are given to it. discharge: or, casting off weapons

9

All this have I seen, and applied my heart unto every work that is done under the sun: there is a time wherein one man ruleth over another to his own hurt.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For he knoweth not that which shall be: for who can tell him when it shall be? This verse explains why human misery is great (v. 6): we cannot know the future. The double negation emphasizes absolute human ignorance regarding coming events. The Hebrew yada (יָדַע, to know) here means comprehensive understanding, which humans lack regarding mah-sheyihyeh (מַה־שֶּׁיִּהְיֶה, what shall be).

The rhetorical question 'who can tell him when it shall be?' underscores that no human counselor, prophet (apart from divine revelation), or wise person can provide this knowledge. We navigate life with profound uncertainty about future outcomes and timing. This doesn't counsel despair but humility—acknowledging our limitations should drive us to trust God who does know all future events perfectly (Isaiah 46:9-10). Jesus later commanded against anxious speculation about tomorrow (Matthew 6:34) and warned that even He did not know the day or hour of His return (Mark 13:32). Wisdom means trusting God's knowledge rather than claiming our own. James warned against presumptuous planning: 'You do not know what tomorrow will bring' (James 4:14).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient cultures extensively practiced divination to discern the future—reading omens, consulting oracles, interpreting dreams. Mesopotamian priests studied sheep livers; Greek oracles at Delphi gave cryptic prophecies; Egyptian priests consulted various signs. Ecclesiastes rejects such practices as unable to provide genuine knowledge. Only God knows the future comprehensively. Israel's prophets received revelation but only what God chose to disclose. The verse's realism countered both pagan divination and false prophets claiming unauthorized knowledge. True wisdom acknowledges ignorance and trusts divine sovereignty. The Reformers emphasized this against medieval superstitions—humans cannot peer into God's secret will but must trust His revealed will in Scripture.

Reflection Questions

  1. What areas of anxiety about the future reveal that you're demanding knowledge God hasn't promised to give?
  2. How can accepting that you 'know not what shall be' free you from the burden of trying to control or predict outcomes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
כִּֽי1 of 11
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

אֵינֶ֥נּוּ2 of 11
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

יֹדֵ֖עַ3 of 11

For he knoweth

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

מַה4 of 11
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

שֶּׁיִּֽהְיֶ֑ה5 of 11
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

כִּ֚י6 of 11
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר7 of 11
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יִֽהְיֶ֔ה8 of 11
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

מִ֖י9 of 11
H4310

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

יַגִּ֥יד10 of 11

not that which shall be for who can tell

H5046

properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to

לֽוֹ׃11 of 11
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ecclesiastes. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ecclesiastes 8:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ecclesiastes 8:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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