King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 32:16 Mean?

Deuteronomy 32:16 in the King James Version says “They provoked him to jealousy with strange gods, with abominations provoked they him to anger. — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 32 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

They provoked him to jealousy with strange gods, with abominations provoked they him to anger.

Deuteronomy 32:16 · KJV


Context

14

Butter of kine, and milk of sheep, with fat of lambs, and rams of the breed of Bashan, and goats, with the fat of kidneys of wheat; and thou didst drink the pure blood of the grape.

15

But Jeshurun waxed fat, and kicked: thou art waxen fat, thou art grown thick, thou art covered with fatness; then he forsook God which made him, and lightly esteemed the Rock of his salvation.

16

They provoked him to jealousy with strange gods, with abominations provoked they him to anger.

17

They sacrificed unto devils, not to God; to gods whom they knew not, to new gods that came newly up, whom your fathers feared not. not to: or, which were not God

18

Of the Rock that begat thee thou art unmindful, and hast forgotten God that formed thee.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
They provoked him to jealousy with strange gods—the Hebrew qin'ū (קִנְאוּ) from qānā' means to incite intense jealous anger. Strange gods (בְּזָרִים, bĕzārîm) literally means 'foreign ones,' emphasizing covenant betrayal—spiritual adultery. God's jealousy is not petty envy but righteous indignation at covenant violation, like a husband's justified anger at his wife's adultery (Exodus 20:5, 34:14).

With abominations provoked they him to angertô'ēvôt (תּוֹעֵבֹת) denotes detestable practices, especially idolatry and its associated immorality. Paul quotes this passage in Romans 10:19 and 11:11, showing how Israel's rejection of Messiah provoked God to extend salvation to Gentiles, fulfilling the 'not a people' prophecy (v.21).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Moses anticipates Israel's adoption of Canaanite Baal worship, Asherah poles, and child sacrifice to Molech—all documented in Judges through 2 Kings. These 'abominations' included ritual prostitution, divination, and infant sacrifice, practices expressly forbidden in Deuteronomy 12-18. The prophets (especially Jeremiah and Ezekiel) would later echo this language of divine jealousy.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding God's jealousy as covenant faithfulness rather than petty emotion change your view of His character?
  2. What modern 'strange gods' (career, comfort, entertainment) compete for the exclusive devotion God deserves?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 4 words
יַקְנִאֻ֖הוּ1 of 4

They provoked him to jealousy

H7065

to be (causatively, make) zealous, i.e., (in a bad sense) jealous or envious

בְּזָרִ֑ים2 of 4

with strange

H2114

to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be a foreigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery

בְּתֽוֹעֵבֹ֖ת3 of 4

gods with abominations

H8441

properly, something disgusting (morally), i.e., (as noun) an abhorrence; especially idolatry or (concretely) an idol

יַכְעִיסֻֽהוּ׃4 of 4

provoked they him to anger

H3707

to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 32:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 32:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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