King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 28:38 Mean?

Deuteronomy 28:38 in the King James Version says “Thou shalt carry much seed out into the field, and shalt gather but little in; for the locust shall consume it. — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 28 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Thou shalt carry much seed out into the field, and shalt gather but little in; for the locust shall consume it.

Deuteronomy 28:38 · KJV


Context

36

The LORD shall bring thee, and thy king which thou shalt set over thee, unto a nation which neither thou nor thy fathers have known; and there shalt thou serve other gods, wood and stone.

37

And thou shalt become an astonishment, a proverb, and a byword, among all nations whither the LORD shall lead thee.

38

Thou shalt carry much seed out into the field, and shalt gather but little in; for the locust shall consume it.

39

Thou shalt plant vineyards, and dress them, but shalt neither drink of the wine, nor gather the grapes; for the worms shall eat them.

40

Thou shalt have olive trees throughout all thy coasts, but thou shalt not anoint thyself with the oil; for thine olive shall cast his fruit.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Thou shalt carry much seed out into the field, and shalt gather but little in; for the locust shall consume it. The futility curse begins—intense labor producing meager results. The Hebrew arbeh (locust) was one of the Exodus plagues against Egypt (Exodus 10:4-15); now God would turn this same judgment weapon against disobedient Israel. What once demonstrated Yahweh's power on Israel's behalf would demonstrate His power against them.

Agricultural frustration reverses the promised land's flowing with milk and honey. Where covenant obedience brought thirty, sixty, hundredfold harvests (Mark 4:8), covenant violation brought decimation. Joel 1:4 later described locust devastation as divine judgment requiring national repentance.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Locust plagues were periodic devastations in ancient Near East agriculture, but Moses presents them here as covenant curses, not random natural disasters. Israel's agrarian economy made crop failure catastrophic—leading to famine, debt, and vulnerability to invasion.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why would God use the same plague (locusts) that once freed Israel to now judge Israel?
  2. How does futile labor without harvest fruit illustrate spiritual barrenness under judgment?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
זֶ֥רַע1 of 9

seed

H2233

seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity

רַ֖ב2 of 9

much

H7227

abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)

תּוֹצִ֣יא3 of 9

Thou shalt carry

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה4 of 9

into the field

H7704

a field (as flat)

וּמְעַ֣ט5 of 9

but little

H4592

a little or few (often adverbial or comparative)

תֶּֽאֱסֹ֔ף6 of 9

and shalt gather

H622

to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e., remove (destroy, leave behind, put up, restore, etc.)

כִּ֥י7 of 9
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יַחְסְלֶ֖נּוּ8 of 9

shall consume

H2628

to eat off

הָֽאַרְבֶּֽה׃9 of 9

for the locust

H697

a locust (from its rapid increase)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 28:38 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 28:38 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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