King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 22:10 Mean?

Deuteronomy 22:10 in the King James Version says “Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together. — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together.

Deuteronomy 22:10 · KJV


Context

8

When thou buildest a new house, then thou shalt make a battlement for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thine house, if any man fall from thence.

9

Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with divers seeds: lest the fruit of thy seed which thou hast sown, and the fruit of thy vineyard, be defiled. fruit of thy seed: Heb. fulness of the seed

10

Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together.

11

Thou shalt not wear a garment of divers sorts, as of woollen and linen together.

12

Thou shalt make thee fringes upon the four quarters of thy vesture, wherewith thou coverest thyself. quarters: Heb. wings


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Practical wisdom: 'Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together.' Unequal yoking prohibited—oxen and donkeys have different strengths, gaits, and sizes. Forcing them together inefficiently plows while harming both animals. This reflects creation order—respecting animals' design and treating them humanely. Proverbs 12:10: 'A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast.' Paul applies this spiritually: 'Be not unequally yoked together with unbelievers' (2 Corinthians 6:14)—partnerships require compatibility. Unequal spiritual yoking (believer with unbeliever) creates inefficiency and spiritual harm. The principle: respect created differences; avoid mismatched partnerships.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Agriculture dominated ancient economy. These practical laws ensured efficient, humane farming. Respecting animals distinguished Israel from pagan cultures practicing cruelty. Later rabbinic law (מוּם, mum, blemish regulations) developed extensive animal welfare provisions. Paul's 'unequally yoked' application shows Old Testament agricultural laws contained spiritual principles transferable to New Covenant. Physical creation teaches spiritual truth—God's design extends from agriculture to relationships to church partnerships.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does unequal yoking principle apply to business partnerships, friendships, and marriage?
  2. What does humane treatment of animals teach about broader respect for God's creation?
  3. How do we discern when physical Old Testament commands contain transferable spiritual principles?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 5 words
לֹֽא1 of 5
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תַחֲרֹ֥שׁ2 of 5

Thou shalt not plow

H2790

to scratch, i.e., (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to fabricate (of any material); figuratively, to devise (in a bad

בְּשׁוֹר3 of 5

with an ox

H7794

a bullock (as a traveller)

וּבַֽחֲמֹ֖ר4 of 5

and an ass

H2543

a male ass (from its dun red)

יַחְדָּֽו׃5 of 5

together

H3162

properly, a unit, i.e., (adverb) unitedly


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 22:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 22:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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