King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 18:4 Mean?

Deuteronomy 18:4 in the King James Version says “The firstfruit also of thy corn, of thy wine, and of thine oil, and the first of the fleece of thy sheep, shalt thou giv... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The firstfruit also of thy corn, of thy wine, and of thine oil, and the first of the fleece of thy sheep, shalt thou give him.

Deuteronomy 18:4 · KJV


Context

2

Therefore shall they have no inheritance among their brethren: the LORD is their inheritance, as he hath said unto them.

3

And this shall be the priest's due from the people, from them that offer a sacrifice, whether it be ox or sheep; and they shall give unto the priest the shoulder, and the two cheeks, and the maw.

4

The firstfruit also of thy corn, of thy wine, and of thine oil, and the first of the fleece of thy sheep, shalt thou give him.

5

For the LORD thy God hath chosen him out of all thy tribes, to stand to minister in the name of the LORD, him and his sons for ever.

6

And if a Levite come from any of thy gates out of all Israel, where he sojourned, and come with all the desire of his mind unto the place which the LORD shall choose;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The firstfruit also of thy corn, of thy wine, and of thine oil, and the first of the fleece of thy sheep (רֵאשִׁית דְּגָנְךָ תִּירֹשְׁךָ וְיִצְהָרֶךָ וְרֵאשִׁית גֵּז צֹאנְךָ)—reshit (firstfruit) appears twice, emphasizing priority. God claims the first and best, not leftovers. The agricultural triad—grain (dagan), new wine (tirosh), and oil (yitshar)—represents Canaan's staple crops, while fleece (gez) represents pastoral wealth.

Giving firstfruits required faith: farmers gave before seeing the full harvest's yield. This trust acknowledged God as provider and owner of all. Exodus 23:19 and Numbers 18:12-13 establish firstfruits as holy to the LORD, given to priests who represented Him. The principle extends beyond agriculture—Proverbs 3:9 commands honoring God "with thy substance, and with the firstfruits of all thine increase."

New Testament application: Jesus is aparche (firstfruits) of resurrection (1 Corinthians 15:20,23); believers are firstfruits of God's creatures (James 1:18); the church's generous giving should follow firstfruit priority (1 Corinthians 16:2). Withholding firstfruits was covenant violation—Haggai 1:4-11 shows the consequence of putting personal comfort before sacred obligation.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This law governed Israel's agricultural economy throughout their history in Canaan. Firstfruits festivals (Feast of Firstfruits, Pentecost) celebrated harvest and acknowledged God's provision. Nehemiah 10:35-37 records post-exilic Israel renewing commitment to firstfruits after neglecting them. The law assumes Canaanite settlement and agricultural lifestyle, showing Deuteronomy's preparation for life in the Promised Land rather than wilderness wandering.

Reflection Questions

  1. Do you give God your 'firstfruits'—the first and best—or leftovers from what remains after your needs are met?
  2. How does prioritizing God financially demonstrate trust that He will provide for the rest of your needs?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וְרֵאשִׁ֛ית1 of 9

The firstfruit

H7225

the first, in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit)

דְּגָֽנְךָ֜2 of 9

also of thy corn

H1715

properly, increase, i.e., grain

תִּֽירֹשְׁךָ֣3 of 9

of thy wine

H8492

must or fresh grape-juice (as just squeezed out); by implication (rarely) fermented wine

וְיִצְהָרֶ֗ךָ4 of 9

and of thine oil

H3323

oil (as producing light); figuratively, anointing

וְרֵאשִׁ֛ית5 of 9

The firstfruit

H7225

the first, in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit)

גֵּ֥ז6 of 9

of the fleece

H1488

a fleece (as shorn); also mown grass

צֹֽאנְךָ֖7 of 9

of thy sheep

H6629

a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)

תִּתֶּן8 of 9

shalt thou give

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לּֽוֹ׃9 of 9
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 18:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 18:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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