King James Version

What Does Daniel 5:22 Mean?

Daniel 5:22 in the King James Version says “And thou his son, O Belshazzar, hast not humbled thine heart, though thou knewest all this; — study this verse from Daniel chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And thou his son, O Belshazzar, hast not humbled thine heart, though thou knewest all this;

Daniel 5:22 · KJV


Context

20

But when his heart was lifted up, and his mind hardened in pride, he was deposed from his kingly throne, and they took his glory from him: in pride: or, to deal proudly deposed: Cald. made to come down

21

And he was driven from the sons of men; and his heart was made like the beasts, and his dwelling was with the wild asses: they fed him with grass like oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven; till he knew that the most high God ruled in the kingdom of men, and that he appointeth over it whomsoever he will. his heart: or, he made his heart equal, etc

22

And thou his son, O Belshazzar, hast not humbled thine heart, though thou knewest all this;

23

But hast lifted up thyself against the Lord of heaven; and they have brought the vessels of his house before thee, and thou, and thy lords, thy wives, and thy concubines, have drunk wine in them; and thou hast praised the gods of silver, and gold, of brass, iron, wood, and stone, which see not, nor hear, nor know: and the God in whose hand thy breath is, and whose are all thy ways, hast thou not glorified:

24

Then was the part of the hand sent from him; and this writing was written.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Daniel confronts Belshazzar: 'And thou his son, O Belshazzar, hast not humbled thine heart, though thou knewest all this.' The accusation isn't ignorance but willful pride despite knowledge. The phrase 'though thou knewest all this' refers to Nebuchadnezzar's humiliation (v. 18-21). Belshazzar had example and warning but chose pride anyway. The verb 'humbled' (Aramaic: shephel) means to abase or bring low. His refusal to humble his heart despite knowing God's judgment on his predecessor constitutes willful rebellion. This principle appears throughout Scripture: greater knowledge brings greater accountability (Luke 12:47-48).

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Historical & Cultural Context

As Nebuchadnezzar's successor, Belshazzar would have known the previous king's testimony (Daniel 4). Whether 'son' means direct descendant or successor, the relationship meant Belshazzar understood what happened to prideful rulers. Ancient Near Eastern courts preserved royal records and stories. Belshazzar's sacrilegious use of temple vessels (v. 2-4) while knowing God's power over Nebuchadnezzar demonstrates contemptuous defiance. His feast during siege shows either ignorance of danger or reckless fatalism—both stemming from failure to humble himself before God.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Belshazzar's example warn that knowing truth about God's judgment without responding in humility brings greater condemnation?
  2. What does the accusation 'though thou knewest' teach about the danger of familiarity with spiritual truth producing presumption rather than repentance?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְאַ֤נְתְּה1 of 12

And thou

H607

thou

בְּרֵהּ֙2 of 12

his son

H1247

a son, grandson, etc

בֵּלְשַׁאצַּ֔ר3 of 12

O Belshazzar

H1113

belshatstsar, a babylonian king

לָ֥א4 of 12

hast not

H3809

no, not

הַשְׁפֵּ֖לְתְּ5 of 12

humbled

H8214

to humble

לִבְבָ֑ךְ6 of 12

thine heart

H3825

the heart (as the most interior organ)

כָל7 of 12

all

H3606

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

קֳבֵ֕ל8 of 12

though

H6903

(adverbially) in front of; usually (with other particles) on account of, so as, since, hence

דִּ֥י9 of 12
H1768

that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of

כָל10 of 12

all

H3606

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

דְּנָ֖ה11 of 12

this

H1836

this

יְדַֽעְתָּ׃12 of 12

thou knewest

H3046

to inform


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Daniel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Daniel 5:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Daniel 5:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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