King James Version

What Does 2 Kings 21:1 Mean?

2 Kings 21:1 in the King James Version says “Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign, and reigned fifty and five years in Jerusalem. And his mother's na... — study this verse from 2 Kings chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign, and reigned fifty and five years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Hephzibah.

2 Kings 21:1 · KJV


Context

1

Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign, and reigned fifty and five years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Hephzibah.

2

And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, after the abominations of the heathen, whom the LORD cast out before the children of Israel.

3

For he built up again the high places which Hezekiah his father had destroyed; and he reared up altars for Baal, and made a grove, as did Ahab king of Israel; and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served them.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign, and reigned fifty and five years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Hephzi-bah.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 21: Unprecedented wickedness brings irreversible judgment. In Judah's later history, we see both genuine reforms and deep-rooted corruption, revealing that external religious activity cannot substitute for heart transformation.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 21 takes place during the final century of Judah's existence, 7th century BCE, including Manasseh and Josiah's reigns. The chapter's theme (Manasseh and Amon's Evil Reigns) reflects the historical reality of the worst apostasy under Manasseh followed by the most thorough reforms under Josiah, demonstrating that external righteousness cannot reverse God's determined judgment. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this verse contribute to understanding the theological message of 2 Kings 21 regarding unprecedented wickedness brings irreversible judgment?
  2. What does this passage reveal about God's character, particularly His justice, mercy, and faithfulness to covenant promises?
  3. In what practical ways should this text shape contemporary Christian thinking about faithfulness, worship, and obedience to God?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
בֶּן1 of 15

old

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

שְׁתֵּ֨ים2 of 15

was twelve

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה3 of 15
H6240

ten (only in combination), i.e., -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth

שָׁנָ֔ה4 of 15

years

H8141

a year (as a revolution of time)

מְנַשֶּׁ֣ה5 of 15

Manasseh

H4519

menashsheh, a grandson of jacob, also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

מָלַ֖ךְ6 of 15

and reigned

H4427

to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel

וַֽחֲמִשִּׁ֤ים7 of 15

fifty

H2572

fifty

וְחָמֵשׁ֙8 of 15

and five

H2568

five

שָׁנָ֔ה9 of 15

years

H8141

a year (as a revolution of time)

מָלַ֖ךְ10 of 15

and reigned

H4427

to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel

בִּירֽוּשָׁלִָ֑ם11 of 15

in Jerusalem

H3389

jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine

וְשֵׁ֥ם12 of 15

name

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

אִמּ֖וֹ13 of 15

And his mother's

H517

a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])

חֶפְצִי14 of 15
H0
בָֽהּ׃15 of 15

was Hephzibah

H2657

cheptsi-bah, a spiritual name for palestine


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Kings 21:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Kings 21:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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