King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 4:7 Mean?

1 Kings 4:7 in the King James Version says “And Solomon had twelve officers over all Israel, which provided victuals for the king and his household: each man his mo... — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Solomon had twelve officers over all Israel, which provided victuals for the king and his household: each man his month in a year made provision.

1 Kings 4:7 · KJV


Context

5

And Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers: and Zabud the son of Nathan was principal officer, and the king's friend:

6

And Ahishar was over the household: and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the tribute. tribute: or, levy

7

And Solomon had twelve officers over all Israel, which provided victuals for the king and his household: each man his month in a year made provision.

8

And these are their names: The son of Hur, in mount Ephraim: The son: or, Benhur

9

The son of Dekar , in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and Bethshemesh, and Elonbethhanan: The son: or, Ben Dekar


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Solomon had twelve officers over all Israel, which provided victuals for the king and his household: each man his month in a year made provision.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's administration and prosperity, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy. The temple represents God's dwelling among His people and foreshadows Christ as Immanuel ('God with us').

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the temple as God's dwelling place help us understand Christ's incarnation and the church as God's temple today?
  2. What does Solomon's prayer and dedication teach about approaching God in worship and prayer?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וְלִשְׁלֹמֹ֞ה1 of 18

And Solomon

H8010

shelomah, david's successor

שְׁנֵים2 of 18

had twelve

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

עָשָׂ֤ר3 of 18
H6240

ten (only in combination), i.e., -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth

נִצָּבִים֙4 of 18

officers

H5324

to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)

עַל5 of 18
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

כָּל6 of 18
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל7 of 18

over all Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

לְכַלְכֵּֽל׃8 of 18

made provision

H3557

properly, to keep in; hence, to measure; figuratively, to maintain (in various senses)

אֶת9 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ10 of 18

for the king

H4428

a king

וְאֶת11 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בֵּית֑וֹ12 of 18

and his household

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

חֹ֧דֶשׁ13 of 18

his month

H2320

the new moon; by implication, a month

בַּשָּׁנָ֛ה14 of 18

in a year

H8141

a year (as a revolution of time)

יִֽהְיֶ֥ה15 of 18
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

עַל16 of 18
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

אֶחָ֖ד17 of 18

each man

H259

properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first

לְכַלְכֵּֽל׃18 of 18

made provision

H3557

properly, to keep in; hence, to measure; figuratively, to maintain (in various senses)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 4:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Kings 4:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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