King James Version

What Does 1 Chronicles 1:42 Mean?

1 Chronicles 1:42 in the King James Version says “The sons of Ezer; Bilhan, and Zavan, and Jakan. The sons of Dishan; Uz, and Aran. Jakan: or, Akan — study this verse from 1 Chronicles chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The sons of Ezer; Bilhan, and Zavan, and Jakan. The sons of Dishan; Uz, and Aran. Jakan: or, Akan

1 Chronicles 1:42 · KJV


Context

40

The sons of Shobal; Alian, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shephi, and Onam. And the sons of Zibeon; Aiah, and Anah.

41

The sons of Anah; Dishon. And the sons of Dishon; Amram, and Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran. Amram: or, Hemdan

42

The sons of Ezer; Bilhan, and Zavan, and Jakan. The sons of Dishan; Uz, and Aran. Jakan: or, Akan

43

Now these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the children of Israel; Bela the son of Beor: and the name of his city was Dinhabah.

44

And when Bela was dead, Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The sons of Ezer; Bilhan, and Zavan, and Jakan—these Horite/Hurrian clans descended from Seir the Edomite (Genesis 36:27). The בִּלְהָן (Bilhan) and זַעֲוָן (Zaavan) families inhabited Edom before Esau's descendants displaced them. The Horites were indigenous cave-dwellers (חֹרִי from חוֹר, 'hole' or 'cave') in Mount Seir's rugged terrain.

The Chronicler's inclusion of Edomite genealogies serves to establish completeness and acknowledge kinship: Edom descended from Esau, Jacob's twin brother. Though Edom became Israel's bitter enemy (Obadiah), they remained 'brothers,' and Deuteronomy 23:7 forbade abhorring Edomites. This demonstrates God's concern for all peoples while working His purposes through Israel.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Horites inhabited Seir before Esau's arrival (Deuteronomy 2:12, 22). Archaeological evidence from Edomite sites shows sophisticated iron-working and copper mining operations in the Arabah valley. Edom's eventual destruction by Babylon (c. 553 BC) and Nabatean occupation fulfilled prophetic warnings.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's command not to abhor Edomites despite their hostility challenge your attitude toward those who oppose you?
  2. What does the preservation of Horite genealogies teach about God valuing every people group's historical significance?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
בְּנֵ֥י1 of 9

The sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

אֵ֔צֶר2 of 9

of Ezer

H687

etser, an idumaean

בִּלְהָ֥ן3 of 9

Bilhan

H1092

bilhan, the name of an edomite and of an israelite

וְזַֽעֲוָ֖ן4 of 9

and Zavan

H2190

zaavan, an idumaean

יַֽעֲקָ֑ן5 of 9

and Jakan

H3292

jaakan, an idumaean

בְּנֵ֥י6 of 9

The sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

דִישׁ֖וֹן7 of 9

of Dishan

H1789

dishan, an edomite

ע֥וּץ8 of 9

Uz

H5780

uts, a son of aram, also a seirite, and the regions settled by them

וַֽאֲרָֽן׃9 of 9

and Aran

H765

aran, an edomite


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Chronicles. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Chronicles 1:42 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Chronicles 1:42 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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