What Does Song of Solomon 2:3 Mean?

(3) **Apple tree.**—So the LXX. and Vulg.; Heb., *tappuach. *Out of the six times that the word is used, four occur in this book, the other two being Proverbs 25:11—“apple of gold”—Joel 1:12, where it is joined with vine, fig, &c, as suffering from drought. It has been very variously identified. The quince, the citron, the apple, and the apricot have each had their advocates. The *apple *may be set aside, because the Palestine fruit usually called the *apple *is really the *quince, *the climate being too hot for our apple. (But see Thornson, *The Land and the Book, *p. 546.) The requirements to be satisfied are (1) grateful shade, Song of Solomon 2:3; (2) agreeable taste, Song of Solomon 2:3-5; (3) sweet perfume, Song of Solomon 7:8; (4) golden appearance, Proverbs 25:11. The *quince *is preferred by many, as being by the ancients consecrated to love, but it does not satisfy (2), being astringent and unpleasant to the taste till cooked. The *citron *does not, according to Thomson and Tristram, satisfy (1); but according to Rev. W. Drake, in Smith’s *Bible Dictionary, *“it is a large and beautiful tree, gives a deep and refreshing shade, and is laden with golden-coloured fruit.” The *apricot *meets all the requirements, and is, with the exception of the fig, the most abundant fruit of the country. “In highlands and lowlands alike, by the shores of the Mediterranean and on the banks of the Jordan, in the nooks of Judiæa, under the heights of Lebanon, in the recesses of Galilee, and in the glades of Gilead, the apricot flourishes, and yields a crop of prodigious abundance. Many times have we pitched our tents in its shade, and spread our carpets secure from the rays of the sun. . . . There can scarcely be a more deliciously-perfumed fruit; and what can better fit the epithet of Solomon, ‘apples of gold in pictures of silver,’ than its golden fruit as its branches bend under the weight, in their setting of bright yet pale foliage?” (Tristram, *Nat. Hist. of Bible, *p. 335). **Among the sons**—*i.e., among other young men.*