King James Version

What Does Romans 10:18 Mean?

Romans 10:18 in the King James Version says “But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the wo... — study this verse from Romans chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world.

Romans 10:18 · KJV


Context

16

But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Esaias saith, Lord, who hath believed our report? our report: Gr. the hearing of us? report: or, preaching?

17

So then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God.

18

But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world.

19

But I say, Did not Israel know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no people, and by a foolish nation I will anger you.

20

But Esaias is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world—Paul answers potential objection: perhaps Israel didn't hear? Menoun ge eis pasan tēn gēn exēlthen ho phtongos autōn (μενοῦν γε εἰς πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ἐξῆλθεν ὁ φθόγγος αὐτῶν, "Indeed, into all the earth went out their sound"). He quotes Psalm 19:4, David's praise of general revelation in creation. Phtongos (φθόγγος, "sound, tone, voice") and rhēmata (ῥήματα, "words, utterances") describe creation's wordless witness to God.

Paul's application is debated: (1) He may argue typologically that as creation's witness is universal, so gospel witness has gone to Israel. (2) He may combine general revelation (which Israel has received) with special revelation (the gospel proclaimed by apostles throughout the Roman world) to establish Israel's comprehensive exposure to truth. Either way, Paul's point stands: Israel has heard—their unbelief is willful rejection, not innocent ignorance. The widespread apostolic mission (Rom 15:19-23; Col 1:23) ensured gospel saturation.

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Historical & Cultural Context

By AD 57 (Romans' composition), Paul had evangelized from Jerusalem to Illyricum (Rom 15:19), a massive geographic region. Peter, John, and other apostles were active. The early church multiplied rapidly (Acts 2:41; 4:4; 6:7). Jewish communities throughout the Roman Empire heard gospel testimony in synagogues (Acts 13:5, 14; 14:1; 17:1, 10, 17; 18:4). Jews had extraordinary access to gospel witness—more than any other people group. Their rejection was therefore highly culpable.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does general revelation (creation's witness) prepare hearts for special revelation (the gospel)?
  2. Does familiarity with the gospel breed contempt and hardness in your heart?
  3. How accountable are we in the modern West, where Bibles and preaching are abundant but often ignored?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 23 words
ἀλλὰ1 of 23

But

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

λέγω2 of 23

I say

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

μὴ3 of 23
G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

οὐκ4 of 23
G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

ἤκουσαν5 of 23

Have

G191

to hear (in various senses)

μενοῦνγε·6 of 23

Yes verily

G3304

so then at least

εἰς7 of 23

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

πᾶσαν8 of 23

all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

τὴν9 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γῆν10 of 23

the earth

G1093

soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe (including the occupants in each application)

ἐξῆλθεν11 of 23

went

G1831

to issue (literally or figuratively)

12 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

φθόγγος13 of 23

sound

G5353

utterance, i.e., a musical note (vocal or instrumental)

αὐτῶν14 of 23

their

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ15 of 23

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εἰς16 of 23

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τὰ17 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πέρατα18 of 23

the ends

G4009

an extremity

τῆς19 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

οἰκουμένης20 of 23

of the world

G3625

land, i.e., the (terrene part of the) globe; specially, the roman empire

τὰ21 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ῥήματα22 of 23

words

G4487

an utterance (individually, collectively or specially),; by implication, a matter or topic (especially of narration, command or dispute); with a negat

αὐτῶν23 of 23

their

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 10:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 10:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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