King James Version

What Does Revelation 21:18 Mean?

Revelation 21:18 in the King James Version says “And the building of the wall of it was of jasper: and the city was pure gold, like unto clear glass. — study this verse from Revelation chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And the building of the wall of it was of jasper: and the city was pure gold, like unto clear glass.

Revelation 21:18 · KJV


Context

16

And the city lieth foursquare, and the length is as large as the breadth: and he measured the city with the reed , twelve thousand furlongs. The length and the breadth and the height of it are equal.

17

And he measured the wall thereof, an hundred and forty and four cubits, according to the measure of a man, that is, of the angel.

18

And the building of the wall of it was of jasper: and the city was pure gold, like unto clear glass.

19

And the foundations of the wall of the city were garnished with all manner of precious stones. The first foundation was jasper; the second, sapphire; the third, a chalcedony; the fourth, an emerald;

20

The fifth, sardonyx; the sixth, sardius; the seventh, chrysolite; the eighth, beryl; the ninth, a topaz; the tenth, a chrysoprasus; the eleventh, a jacinth; the twelfth, an amethyst.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jasper wall construction represents clarity and brilliance. Jasper (see 4:3) resembles God's appearance—clear as crystal, allowing divine glory to shine through unhindered. The city being pure gold, transparent as glass, combines maximum value with complete transparency. This unprecedented description defies earthly physics, indicating transformed reality where matter itself reflects divine glory. Reformed theology sees this as creation freed from corruption's curse (Romans 8:21), displaying God's glory without obstruction. The transparency suggests nothing hidden—perfect holiness allows complete openness.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient architecture prized precious materials, but opaque gold was universal. Transparent gold and crystal-clear jasper transcend earthly materials, communicating supernatural transformation. The vision uses earthly language (gold, jasper) to describe realities beyond complete human comprehension. First-century readers understood this represented something far beyond earthly cities' glory.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does transparent gold teach about the new creation's nature—material yet transformed to perfectly display God's glory?
  2. How does the wall's clarity (jasper like crystal) illustrate that in the new creation, God's glory will be visible without obstruction?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
καὶ1 of 16

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἦν2 of 16

was

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)

3 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐνδόμησις4 of 16

the building

G1739

a housing in (residence), i.e., structure

τοῦ5 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τείχους6 of 16

of the wall

G5038

a wall (as formative of a house)

αὐτῆς7 of 16

of it

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἴασπις8 of 16

of jasper

G2393

"jasper", a gem

καὶ9 of 16

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

10 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πόλις11 of 16

the city

G4172

a town (properly, with walls, of greater or less size)

χρυσίον12 of 16

gold

G5553

a golden article, i.e., gold plating, ornament, or coin

καθαρῷ13 of 16

unto clear

G2513

clean (literally or figuratively)

ὅμοια14 of 16

like

G3664

similar (in appearance or character)

ὑάλῳ15 of 16

glass

G5194

glass

καθαρῷ16 of 16

unto clear

G2513

clean (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Revelation. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Revelation 21:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Revelation 21:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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