King James Version

What Does Psalms 78:39 Mean?

Psalms 78:39 in the King James Version says “For he remembered that they were but flesh; a wind that passeth away, and cometh not again. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 78 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For he remembered that they were but flesh; a wind that passeth away, and cometh not again.

Psalms 78:39 · KJV


Context

37

For their heart was not right with him, neither were they stedfast in his covenant.

38

But he, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: yea, many a time turned he his anger away, and did not stir up all his wrath.

39

For he remembered that they were but flesh; a wind that passeth away, and cometh not again.

40

How oft did they provoke him in the wilderness, and grieve him in the desert! provoke: or, rebel against

41

Yea, they turned back and tempted God, and limited the Holy One of Israel.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For he remembered that they were but flesh; a wind that passeth away, and cometh not again. While Israel forgot God (v. 42), God remembered Israel's frailty. Bāśār (בָּשָׂר, "flesh") denotes human weakness, mortality, and limitation—not sinfulness per se but creatureliness. God's mercy flows from recognizing His creatures' fragility, like a father pitying his children (Psalm 103:13-14).

The image of rûaḥ hôlēḵ wĕlōʾ yāšûḇ (רוּחַ הוֹלֵךְ וְלֹא יָשׁוּב, "wind passing and not returning") captures human transience—breath here and gone. This isn't fatalism but realism about human limitations apart from divine sustenance. Like grass that withers (Isaiah 40:6-8), humanity needs God's enduring word and renewing Spirit.

God's remembrance of our weakness doesn't excuse sin but explains His patience. He doesn't treat us as our sins deserve (Psalm 103:10) because He knows our frame. This grounds assurance: our perseverance depends on God's faithful remembrance, not our faithful performance. Christ, the eternal Word made flesh, secures this mercy forever.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The wilderness generation was literally dying—all who left Egypt over age 20 (except Caleb and Joshua) perished before Canaan entry (Numbers 14:29). Their mortality was both judgment and reminder of human frailty. Asaph reflects on God's patience with these dying rebels.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's awareness of your "flesh"—your human weakness—give you confidence to approach Him honestly?
  2. In what ways do you forget your own frailty and judge others more harshly than God does?
  3. How should the brevity of life ("wind that passeth away") shape your priorities and pursuit of God?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וַ֭יִּזְכֹּר1 of 8

For he remembered

H2142

properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e., to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male

כִּי2 of 8
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

בָשָׂ֣ר3 of 8

that they were but flesh

H1320

flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man

הֵ֑מָּה4 of 8
H1992

they (only used when emphatic)

ר֥וּחַ5 of 8

a wind

H7307

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

ה֝וֹלֵ֗ךְ6 of 8

that passeth away

H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

וְלֹ֣א7 of 8
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָשֽׁוּב׃8 of 8

and cometh not again

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 78:39 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 78:39 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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