What Does Psalms 68:17 Mean?

(17) **The chariots.**—As the text stands, this verse can only be brought into harmony with the context by a certain violence to grammar. Its literal reading is, *God’s chariots, two myriads of thousands, and again myriads of thousands *(literally, *of repetition*)*, the Lord among them, Sinai in holiness; *which, by strict rule, must mean: “God’s chariots are innumerable, and the Lord rides in them to Sinai, into the holy place.” But this rendering is quite against the whole tenor of the passage, which is descriptive of a march *from*, not *to, *Sinai. Hence some suggest the rendering, “The Lord is among them—a Sinai in holiness,” meaning that Zion has become *Sinai, *a common enough figure in poetry (comp. *In medio Tibure Sardinia est*—Mart. 4:60), but only discovered here by a roundabout process. There can hardly be a question as to the propriety of the emendation suggested by Dr. Perowne, *The Lord is with them; He has come from Sinai into the holy place. *(Comp. Deuteronomy 32:2, which was undoubtedly in the poet’s mind.) **Of** **angels.**—This rendering arose from a confusion of the word which means *repetition *with a word which means *shining. *LXX., “of flourishing ones”; Vulg., “of rejoicing ones.” But the mistake is a happy one, and Milton’s sonorous lines have well caught the feeling and music of the Hebrew:— “About His chariots numberless were poured Cherub and seraph, potentates and thrones, And virtues, winged spirits and chariots winged, From the armoury of God, where stand of old Myriads.” *Paradise Lost, *vii. 196.