King James Version

What Does Luke 19:5 Mean?

Luke 19:5 in the King James Version says “And when Jesus came to the place, he looked up, and saw him, and said unto him, Zacchaeus, make haste, and come down; fo... — study this verse from Luke chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when Jesus came to the place, he looked up, and saw him, and said unto him, Zacchaeus, make haste, and come down; for to day I must abide at thy house.

Luke 19:5 · KJV


Context

3

And he sought to see Jesus who he was; and could not for the press, because he was little of stature.

4

And he ran before, and climbed up into a sycomore tree to see him: for he was to pass that way.

5

And when Jesus came to the place, he looked up, and saw him, and said unto him, Zacchaeus, make haste, and come down; for to day I must abide at thy house.

6

And he made haste, and came down, and received him joyfully.

7

And when they saw it, they all murmured, saying, That he was gone to be guest with a man that is a sinner.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus addresses Zacchaeus: 'And when Jesus came to the place, he looked up, and saw him, and said unto him, Zacchaeus, make haste, and come down; for to day I must abide at thy house.' Jesus takes initiative: He 'looked up' (ἀναβλέψας, anablepsas), 'saw him' (εἶδεν αὐτόν, eiden auton), and addressed him by name—'Zacchaeus' (Ζακχαῖε, Zakchaie). The command is urgent: 'make haste' (σπεύσας, speusas, hurry). The reason: 'to day I must abide at thy house' (σήμερον γὰρ ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ σου δεῖ με μεῖναι, sēmeron gar en tō oikō sou dei me meinai). The word 'must' (δεῖ, dei) indicates divine necessity. Jesus wasn't responding to Zacchaeus' invitation but declaring divine appointment. This demonstrates sovereign grace: Jesus seeks and saves the lost (v. 10), taking initiative where humans cannot.

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Historical & Cultural Context

That Jesus knew Zacchaeus' name without introduction demonstrates supernatural knowledge. That He invited Himself to Zacchaeus' house violated social norms—guests didn't invite themselves. That He chose a tax collector's house (ritually unclean, morally compromised) scandalized observers (v. 7). Yet Jesus' mission required going where sinners were, not waiting for them to become respectable first. The word 'must' indicates this visit was part of God's redemptive plan, not a random choice. God's sovereign election includes even despised tax collectors. Zacchaeus' curiosity and effort (climbing a tree) demonstrated seeking; Jesus' self-invitation demonstrated finding. Salvation involves both human seeking and divine finding, but divine initiative is primary.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Jesus knowing Zacchaeus' name without introduction teach about God's personal knowledge of individuals?
  2. How does Jesus' self-invitation to Zacchaeus' house demonstrate grace's initiative?
  3. How should Jesus' willingness to dine with notorious sinners shape church outreach and hospitality?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 27 words
καὶ1 of 27

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ὡς2 of 27

when

G5613

which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)

ἦλθεν3 of 27

came

G2064

to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

ἐπὶ4 of 27

to

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

τὸν5 of 27
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τόπον6 of 27

the place

G5117

a spot (general in space, but limited by occupancy; whereas g5561 is a large but participle locality), i.e., location (as a position, home, tract, etc

ἀναβλέψας7 of 27

he looked up

G308

to look up; by implication, to recover sight

8 of 27
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰησοῦς9 of 27

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

εἶδεν10 of 27

and saw

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

αὐτόν,11 of 27

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ12 of 27

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εἶπεν13 of 27

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

πρὸς14 of 27

unto

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

αὐτόν,15 of 27

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Ζακχαῖε16 of 27

Zacchaeus

G2195

zacchaeus, an israelite

σπεύσας17 of 27

make haste

G4692

to "speed" ("study"), i.e., urge on (diligently or earnestly); by implication, to await eagerly

κατάβηθι18 of 27

and come down

G2597

to descend (literally or figuratively)

σήμερον19 of 27

to day

G4594

on the (i.e., this) day (or night current or just passed); generally, now (i.e., at present, hitherto)

γὰρ20 of 27

for

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

ἐν21 of 27

at

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τῷ22 of 27
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

οἴκῳ23 of 27

house

G3624

a dwelling (more or less extensive, literal or figurative); by implication, a family (more or less related, literally or figuratively)

σου24 of 27

thy

G4675

of thee, thy

δεῖ25 of 27

must

G1163

also deon deh-on'; neuter active participle of the same; both used impersonally; it is (was, etc.) necessary (as binding)

με26 of 27

I

G3165

me

μεῖναι27 of 27

abide

G3306

to stay (in a given place, state, relation or expectancy)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 19:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 19:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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