King James Version

What Does John 2:20 Mean?

John 2:20 in the King James Version says “Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days? — study this verse from John chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days?

John 2:20 · KJV


Context

18

Then answered the Jews and said unto him, What sign shewest thou unto us, seeing that thou doest these things?

19

Jesus answered and said unto them, Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.

20

Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days?

21

But he spake of the temple of his body.

22

When therefore he was risen from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this unto them; and they believed the scripture, and the word which Jesus had said.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Jews misunderstand, thinking Jesus speaks of Herod's temple: 'Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days?' Their literalism blinds them to spiritual meaning. The temple construction, begun under Herod the Great around 20 BC, was ongoing. The Jews' incredulity is understandable but reveals spiritual dullness—they cannot conceive of anything beyond the physical.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Herod began temple reconstruction in 20-19 BC. The 'forty-six years' dates this conversation to approximately 27-28 AD. The temple was not finally completed until 63 AD, just seven years before Rome destroyed it. The Jews' investment in the physical building blinded them to the true Temple among them.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does literalism sometimes blind us to spiritual realities?
  2. What 'temples' do we invest in that might distract from Christ Himself?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 19 words
εἶπον1 of 19

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

οὖν2 of 19

Then

G3767

(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly

οἱ3 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰουδαῖοι4 of 19

the Jews

G2453

judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah

τεσσαράκοντα5 of 19

Forty

G5062

forty

καὶ6 of 19

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἓξ7 of 19

six

G1803

six

ἔτεσιν8 of 19

years

G2094

a year

ᾠκοδομήθη9 of 19

in building

G3618

to be a house-builder, i.e., construct or (figuratively) confirm

10 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ναὸς11 of 19

temple

G3485

a fane, shrine, temple

οὗτος12 of 19

this

G3778

the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

καὶ13 of 19

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

σὺ14 of 19

thou

G4771

thou

ἐν15 of 19

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τρισὶν16 of 19

three

G5140

"three"

ἡμέραις17 of 19

days

G2250

day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of

ἐγερεῖς18 of 19

rear

G1453

to waken (transitively or intransitively), i.e., rouse (literally, from sleep, from sitting or lying, from disease, from death; or figuratively, from

αὐτόν19 of 19

it

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 2:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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