King James Version

What Does Isaiah 51:14 Mean?

Isaiah 51:14 in the King James Version says “The captive exile hasteneth that he may be loosed, and that he should not die in the pit, nor that his bread should fail... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 51 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The captive exile hasteneth that he may be loosed, and that he should not die in the pit, nor that his bread should fail.

Isaiah 51:14 · KJV


Context

12

I, even I, am he that comforteth you: who art thou, that thou shouldest be afraid of a man that shall die, and of the son of man which shall be made as grass;

13

And forgettest the LORD thy maker, that hath stretched forth the heavens, and laid the foundations of the earth; and hast feared continually every day because of the fury of the oppressor, as if he were ready to destroy? and where is the fury of the oppressor? were: or, made himself ready

14

The captive exile hasteneth that he may be loosed, and that he should not die in the pit, nor that his bread should fail.

15

But I am the LORD thy God, that divided the sea, whose waves roared: The LORD of hosts is his name.

16

And I have put my words in thy mouth, and I have covered thee in the shadow of mine hand, that I may plant the heavens, and lay the foundations of the earth, and say unto Zion, Thou art my people.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The captive exile hasteneth that he may be loosed, and that he should not die in the pit, nor that his bread should fail. This verse promises swift deliverance for the "captive exile" (tso'eh, צֹעֶה), one bowed down or stooped under bondage. The verb "hasteneth" (mihar, מִהַר) indicates urgency and speed—liberation comes quickly when God's time arrives. The threefold purpose describes deliverance's comprehensive scope: "be loosed" (freed from chains), "not die in the pit" (escape execution/starvation in prison), and bread not fail (provision secured).

The "pit" (shachat, שַׁחַת) can mean dungeon, grave, or place of corruption—a place of hopeless death. The promise addresses both physical survival (literal imprisonment/starvation) and spiritual death (separation from God). The mention of bread connects to daily sustenance, God's covenant provision symbolized in manna (Exodus 16) and anticipated in Christ, the "bread of life" (John 6:35).

From a Reformed perspective, this verse illustrates effectual calling and preservation of saints. Those whom God purposes to deliver will not perish in their bondage. Christ Himself proclaimed, "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me...to preach deliverance to the captives...to set at liberty them that are bruised" (Luke 4:18). Believers, though captive to sin before conversion, are loosed by divine power, rescued from death's pit, and sustained by God's provision. The hastening reflects divine urgency in salvation—when God calls, the response comes swiftly and certainly.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This likely references conditions in Babylonian captivity where some Jews were imprisoned (Jeremiah in cisterns, Daniel's friends in furnaces, Daniel in lion's den). Prison conditions in the ancient world were brutal—Jeremiah 38:6 describes a muddy cistern where the prophet sank. Starvation was common, as prisons didn't provide food (prisoners depended on outside provision).

Cyrus's decree in 538 BCE brought sudden, unexpected liberation after 70 years of exile. The speed of reversal—Babylon falling in one night (Daniel 5)—fulfills the "hastening" promised here. Historically, this pattern repeats: Joseph hastily released from Egyptian prison to become vizier, Peter freed from prison by angelic intervention (Acts 12), Paul and Silas released after Philippian earthquake (Acts 16). God's timing, though sometimes delayed from human perspective, comes swiftly when His purposes require.

Reflection Questions

  1. From what captivity has Christ loosed you? How does remembering this deepen gratitude?
  2. In what areas do you still feel in bondage, needing God's hastening deliverance?
  3. How has God provided 'bread' (spiritual nourishment) when you feared failing?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
מִהַ֥ר1 of 9

hasteneth

H4116

properly, to be liquid or flow easily, i.e., (by implication)

צֹעֶ֖ה2 of 9

The captive exile

H6808

to tip over (for the purpose of spilling or pouring out), i.e., (figuratively) depopulate; by implication, to imprison or conquer; (reflexive) to lie

לְהִפָּתֵ֑חַ3 of 9

that he may be loosed

H6605

to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve

וְלֹא4 of 9
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָמ֣וּת5 of 9

and that he should not die

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

לַשַּׁ֔חַת6 of 9

in the pit

H7845

a pit (especially as a trap); figuratively, destruction

וְלֹ֥א7 of 9
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יֶחְסַ֖ר8 of 9

should fail

H2637

to lack; by implication, to fail, want, lessen

לַחְמֽוֹ׃9 of 9

nor that his bread

H3899

food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 51:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 51:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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