King James Version

What Does Isaiah 14:18 Mean?

Isaiah 14:18 in the King James Version says “All the kings of the nations, even all of them, lie in glory, every one in his own house. — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 14 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

All the kings of the nations, even all of them, lie in glory, every one in his own house.

Isaiah 14:18 · KJV


Context

16

They that see thee shall narrowly look upon thee, and consider thee, saying, Is this the man that made the earth to tremble, that did shake kingdoms;

17

That made the world as a wilderness, and destroyed the cities thereof; that opened not the house of his prisoners? opened: or, did not let his prisoners loose homeward?

18

All the kings of the nations, even all of them, lie in glory, every one in his own house.

19

But thou art cast out of thy grave like an abominable branch, and as the raiment of those that are slain, thrust through with a sword, that go down to the stones of the pit; as a carcase trodden under feet.

20

Thou shalt not be joined with them in burial, because thou hast destroyed thy land, and slain thy people: the seed of evildoers shall never be renowned.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'All the kings of the nations, even all of them, lie in glory, every one in his own house.' This sets up contrast with verse 19. Other kings, even defeated ones, receive honorable burial—lying 'in glory' (kabod—honor, dignity) in their own tombs ('house'). This was important in ancient culture: proper burial, ancestral tombs, monuments preserving memory. Kings particularly received elaborate burials with grave goods, inscriptions, ongoing cult. This was their 'glory' in death—dignified rest, remembered name. The phrase 'every one in his own house' emphasizes individual tomb/burial site, proper final resting place. This is the normal fate of kings—even in defeat, burial with honor. But not the Babylonian king (v.19).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Archaeological evidence confirms elaborate royal burials throughout the ancient Near East—Egyptian pyramids, Mesopotamian royal tombs at Ur, Israelite royal tombs in Jerusalem. Even conquered or deposed kings usually received burial according to rank. The importance of proper burial runs throughout Scripture—Jacob and Joseph's concern for burial in Canaan, King Josiah's honorable burial, the disgrace of Jehoiakim's burial as donkey (Jeremiah 22:19). To lie unburied was the ultimate shame. The contrast Isaiah draws heightens the Babylonian king's degradation: denied what even other defeated kings received.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does ancient importance of burial reveal about human dignity and the cultural dimensions of honor/shame?
  2. How does the Christian hope of resurrection transform attitudes toward death and burial?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
כָּל1 of 8
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

מַלְכֵ֥י2 of 8

All the kings

H4428

a king

גוֹיִ֖ם3 of 8

of the nations

H1471

a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts

כֻּלָּ֑ם4 of 8
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

שָׁכְב֥וּ5 of 8

even all of them lie

H7901

to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)

בְכָב֖וֹד6 of 8

in glory

H3519

properly, weight, but only figuratively in a good sense, splendor or copiousness

אִ֥ישׁ7 of 8

every one

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

בְּבֵיתֽוֹ׃8 of 8

in his own house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 14:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 14:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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