King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 40:47 Mean?

Ezekiel 40:47 in the King James Version says “So he measured the court, an hundred cubits long, and an hundred cubits broad, foursquare; and the altar that was before... — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 40 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

So he measured the court, an hundred cubits long, and an hundred cubits broad, foursquare; and the altar that was before the house.

Ezekiel 40:47 · KJV


Context

45

And he said unto me, This chamber, whose prospect is toward the south, is for the priests, the keepers of the charge of the house. charge: or, ward, or, ordinance

46

And the chamber whose prospect is toward the north is for the priests, the keepers of the charge of the altar: these are the sons of Zadok among the sons of Levi, which come near to the LORD to minister unto him.

47

So he measured the court, an hundred cubits long, and an hundred cubits broad, foursquare; and the altar that was before the house.

48

And he brought me to the porch of the house, and measured each post of the porch, five cubits on this side, and five cubits on that side: and the breadth of the gate was three cubits on this side, and three cubits on that side.

49

The length of the porch was twenty cubits, and the breadth eleven cubits; and he brought me by the steps whereby they went up to it: and there were pillars by the posts, one on this side, and another on that side.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The inner court's perfect square dimensions—'an hundred cubits long, and an hundred cubits broad, foursquare'—symbolize perfection, stability, and divine order. The number 100 represents completeness (10 x 10), suggesting comprehensive provision for worship. The square shape (like the Most Holy Place in 1 Kings 6:20) emphasizes symmetry and harmony. The altar's position 'before the house' (temple proper) indicates its centrality—sacrifice stands between sinful humanity and holy God. All approach to God must pass through the altar, foreshadowing Christ's cross as the sole mediator (John 14:6, 1 Timothy 2:5). The altar's prominence teaches that worship without atonement is impossible—'without shedding of blood is no remission' (Hebrews 9:22). Reformed theology emphasizes that Christ's sacrifice on Calvary's 'altar' satisfies divine justice, enabling reconciliation (Romans 3:23-26).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Solomon's temple had an inner court for priests (1 Kings 6:36, 2 Chronicles 4:9) separate from the outer court for Israel. The dimensions echo tabernacle proportions, maintaining continuity with Mosaic worship. The bronze altar in Solomon's temple was massive—20 cubits square and 10 cubits high (2 Chronicles 4:1)—dominating the courtyard. Archaeological evidence from Israelite sanctuaries shows horned altars similar to biblical descriptions. The altar's centrality reflects ancient Near Eastern temple design, but Israel's altar uniquely served atonement, not feeding deity (as in pagan temples). For the exiles, who hadn't seen legitimate sacrificial worship for decades, the altar's restoration promised renewed access to God through prescribed means. The vision assured that future worship would maintain continuity with past revelation while anticipating eschatological fulfillment.

Reflection Questions

  1. How central is the cross (the ultimate altar) in your worship and daily life, or has it become peripheral?
  2. What does the court's perfect square dimensions teach about God's character as a God of order and beauty?
  3. How do you maintain proper proportion—keeping the 'altar' (Christ's sacrifice) as the focal point rather than programs or personalities?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וַיָּ֨מָד1 of 13

So he measured

H4058

properly, to stretch; by implication, to measure (as if by stretching a line); figuratively, to be extended

אֶת2 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הֶחָצֵ֜ר3 of 13

the court

H2691

a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)

אֹ֣רֶךְ׀4 of 13

long

H753

length

מֵאָ֥ה5 of 13

an hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

אַמָּ֖ה6 of 13

cubits

H520

properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)

וְרֹ֛חַב7 of 13

broad

H7341

width (literally or figuratively)

מֵאָ֥ה8 of 13

an hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

אַמָּ֖ה9 of 13

cubits

H520

properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)

מְרֻבָּ֑עַת10 of 13

foursquare

H7251

to be quadrate

וְהַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ11 of 13

and the altar

H4196

an altar

לִפְנֵ֥י12 of 13

that was before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

הַבָּֽיִת׃13 of 13

the house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 40:47 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezekiel 40:47 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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