King James Version

What Does Exodus 21:5 Mean?

Exodus 21:5 in the King James Version says “And if the servant shall plainly say, I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free: shall: Heb. sa... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And if the servant shall plainly say, I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free: shall: Heb. saying shall say

Exodus 21:5 · KJV


Context

3

If he came in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he were married , then his wife shall go out with him. by himself: Heb. with his body

4

If his master have given him a wife, and she have born him sons or daughters; the wife and her children shall be her master's, and he shall go out by himself.

5

And if the servant shall plainly say, I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free: shall: Heb. saying shall say

6

Then his master shall bring him unto the judges; he shall also bring him to the door, or unto the door post; and his master shall bore his ear through with an aul; and he shall serve him for ever.

7

And if a man sell his daughter to be a maidservant, she shall not go out as the menservants do.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And if the servant shall plainly say, I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free:

Love can voluntarily extend servitude—'I love' (אָהַבְתִּי, ahavti) my master, wife, children. The servant may prefer security with a good master over freedom with poverty. This provision protects servants' choice—freedom isn't forced. The ear-piercing ritual (v. 6) marks permanent voluntary service. The New Testament applies this to Christ-service: we're bought, freed, then voluntarily bond ourselves to Christ as love-slaves (Romans 1:1, doulos). We serve not from compulsion but love. Christ is the good Master; we willingly say 'I love my Master and will serve Him forever.'

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Voluntary permanent servitude (recorded by piercing the ear at the doorpost) was rare but provided. It protected servants who thrived under good masters. The doorpost ritual symbolized belonging to the household permanently.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does voluntary servitude based on love teach about Christian service to Christ?
  2. How does the servant's choice ('I love my master') illustrate true freedom versus mere autonomy?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וְאִם1 of 14
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

יֹאמַר֙2 of 14

say

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

יֹאמַר֙3 of 14

say

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

הָעֶ֔בֶד4 of 14

And if the servant

H5650

a servant

אָהַ֙בְתִּי֙5 of 14

I love

H157

to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)

אֶת6 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֲדֹנִ֔י7 of 14

my master

H113

sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)

אֶת8 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אִשְׁתִּ֖י9 of 14

my wife

H802

a woman

וְאֶת10 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בָּנָ֑י11 of 14

and my children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

לֹ֥א12 of 14
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

אֵצֵ֖א13 of 14

I will not go out

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

חָפְשִֽׁי׃14 of 14

free

H2670

exempt (from bondage, tax or care)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 21:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 21:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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