King James Version

What Does Exodus 2:12 Mean?

Exodus 2:12 in the King James Version says “And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no man, he slew the Egyptian, and hid him in the san... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no man, he slew the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand.

Exodus 2:12 · KJV


Context

10

And the child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh's daughter, and he became her son. And she called his name Moses: and she said, Because I drew him out of the water. Moses: that is, Drawn out

11

And it came to pass in those days, when Moses was grown, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens: and he spied an Egyptian smiting an Hebrew, one of his brethren.

12

And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no man, he slew the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand.

13

And when he went out the second day, behold, two men of the Hebrews strove together: and he said to him that did the wrong, Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow?

14

And he said, Who made thee a prince and a judge over us? intendest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian? And Moses feared, and said, Surely this thing is known. a prince: Heb. a man, a prince


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no man, he slew the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand (וַיִּפֶן כֹּה וָכֹה וַיַּרְא כִּי אֵין אִישׁ וַיַּךְ אֶת־הַמִּצְרִי, vayifen koh vakhoh vayar ki ein ish vayakh et-haMitsri)—Looked this way and that way shows furtive guilt, contrasting with the confidence he'll have at the burning bush (3:3). Saw that there was no man—Moses trusted in secrecy rather than God. Slew the Egyptian (וַיַּךְ, vayakh, same verb as "smiting" in v. 11) makes Moses a killer, even if in defense of the innocent. Hid him in the sand—attempted cover-up fails (v. 14). This moral failure humbles Moses, preparing him for Midian's wilderness schooling. God will use even this sin to drive Moses to the place of encounter (3:1).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Killing an Egyptian, even an abusive overseer, would be capital treason for Moses. Discovery meant death or exile (v. 15). The hiding of evidence in sand echoes Cain's attempt to conceal Abel's blood (Genesis 4:10)—sin cannot remain hidden from God. This incident marks Moses' break from Egyptian privilege and beginning of 40 years as fugitive shepherd.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Moses' self-reliant attempt at deliverance contrast with God's later empowerment at the burning bush?
  2. What does this moral failure teach about God's ability to work through imperfect servants and even use their mistakes for His purposes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַיִּ֤פֶן1 of 12

And he looked

H6437

to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc

וָכֹ֔ה2 of 12

and that way

H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

וָכֹ֔ה3 of 12

and that way

H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

וַיַּ֖רְא4 of 12

and when he saw

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

כִּ֣י5 of 12
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

אֵ֣ין6 of 12
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

אִ֑ישׁ7 of 12

that there was no man

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

וַיַּךְ֙8 of 12

he slew

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

אֶת9 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַמִּצְרִ֔י10 of 12

the Egyptian

H4713

a mitsrite, or inhabitant of mitsrajim

וַֽיִּטְמְנֵ֖הוּ11 of 12

and hid

H2934

to hide (by covering over)

בַּחֽוֹל׃12 of 12

him in the sand

H2344

sand (as round or whirling particles)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 2:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 2:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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