King James Version

What Does Acts 9:5 Mean?

Acts 9:5 in the King James Version says “And he said, Who art thou, Lord? And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest: it is hard for thee to kick agains... — study this verse from Acts chapter 9 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And he said, Who art thou, Lord? And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest: it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks.

Acts 9:5 · KJV


Context

3

And as he journeyed , he came near Damascus: and suddenly there shined round about him a light from heaven:

4

And he fell to the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?

5

And he said, Who art thou, Lord? And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest: it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks.

6

And he trembling and astonished said, Lord, what wilt thou have me to do? And the Lord said unto him, Arise, and go into the city, and it shall be told thee what thou must do.

7

And the men which journeyed with him stood speechless, hearing a voice, but seeing no man.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And he said, Who art thou, Lord? And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest—Saul's initial address 'Lord' (Κύριε) could mean 'Sir' or 'Master', but Christ's self-revelation transformed it into full recognition of deity. I am Jesus (ἐγώ εἰμι Ἰησοῦς) echoes Yahweh's 'I AM' self-disclosure (Exodus 3:14), claiming divine identity. Whom thou persecutest repeats verse 4's accusation, drilling home the reality that opposing Christians means opposing Christ himself. This encounter shattered Saul's theology: the crucified Jesus was indeed Israel's Messiah and God incarnate, not a blasphemer worthy of destruction.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Saul believed he served God by persecuting the 'blasphemous' Christian sect. This revelation inverted his entire worldview: he had been fighting God while claiming to defend him. The psychological and theological shock left him blind for three days (v.9), fasting and praying. His subsequent preaching in Damascus (v.20) demonstrated radical conversion.

Reflection Questions

  1. Have you ever opposed God's work while believing you were serving him?
  2. How does recognizing Jesus in other believers affect your treatment of fellow Christians?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
εἶπεν,1 of 20

he said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

δέ2 of 20

And

G1161

but, and, etc

Τίς3 of 20

Who

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

εἶ4 of 20

art thou

G1488

thou art

Κύριος5 of 20

Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

6 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δέ7 of 20

And

G1161

but, and, etc

Κύριος8 of 20

Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

εἶπεν,9 of 20

he said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Ἐγώ10 of 20

I

G1473

i, me

εἰμι11 of 20

am

G1510

i exist (used only when emphatic)

Ἰησοῦς12 of 20

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

ὃν13 of 20

whom

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

σὺ14 of 20

thou

G4771

thou

διώκεις·15 of 20

persecutest

G1377

compare the base of g1169 and g1249); to pursue (literally or figuratively); by implication, to persecute

σκληρόν16 of 20

it is hard

G4642

dry, i.e., hard or tough (figuratively, harsh, severe)

σοι17 of 20

for thee

G4671

to thee

πρὸς18 of 20

against

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

κέντρα19 of 20

the pricks

G2759

a point ("center"), i.e., a sting (figuratively, poison) or goad (figuratively, divine impulse)

λακτίζειν20 of 20

to kick

G2979

to recalcitrate


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 9:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 9:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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