King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 3:9 Mean?

2 Samuel 3:9 in the King James Version says “So do God to Abner, and more also, except, as the LORD hath sworn to David, even so I do to him; — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

So do God to Abner, and more also, except, as the LORD hath sworn to David, even so I do to him;

2 Samuel 3:9 · KJV


Context

7

And Saul had a concubine, whose name was Rizpah, the daughter of Aiah: and Ishbosheth said to Abner, Wherefore hast thou gone in unto my father's concubine?

8

Then was Abner very wroth for the words of Ishbosheth, and said, Am I a dog's head, which against Judah do shew kindness this day unto the house of Saul thy father, to his brethren, and to his friends, and have not delivered thee into the hand of David, that thou chargest me to day with a fault concerning this woman?

9

So do God to Abner, and more also, except, as the LORD hath sworn to David, even so I do to him;

10

To translate the kingdom from the house of Saul, and to set up the throne of David over Israel and over Judah, from Dan even to Beersheba.

11

And he could not answer Abner a word again, because he feared him.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
So do God to Abner, and more also, except, as the LORD hath sworn to David, even so I do to him;

This verse contributes to the narrative of Abner Defects and Dies, emphasizing political maneuvering, revenge consequences. This chapter illustrates the complexity of political transition and personal revenge. Abner's defection using covenant language (brit, בְּרִית) contrasts with Joab's treacherous murder, demonstrating how personal vengeance undermines national purposes. The text develops themes of legitimate vs illegitimate authority, the corrupting power of revenge, and maintaining integrity when others act unethically.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 3 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding political maneuvering, revenge consequences provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of political maneuvering, revenge consequences?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
כֹּֽה1 of 16
H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

אֶֽעֱשֶׂה2 of 16

So do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אֱלֹהִים֙3 of 16

God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

לְאַבְנֵ֔ר4 of 16

to Abner

H74

abner, an israelite

וְכֹ֖ה5 of 16
H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

יֹסִ֣יף6 of 16

and more also

H3254

to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)

ל֑וֹ7 of 16
H0
כִּ֗י8 of 16
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֨ר9 of 16
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

נִשְׁבַּ֤ע10 of 16

hath sworn

H7650

to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)

יְהוָה֙11 of 16

except as the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

לְדָוִ֔ד12 of 16

to David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

כִּי13 of 16
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

כֵ֖ן14 of 16
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

אֶֽעֱשֶׂה15 of 16

So do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

לּֽוֹ׃16 of 16
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 3:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Samuel 3:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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