King James Version

What Does 1 Timothy 5:8 Mean?

1 Timothy 5:8 in the King James Version says “But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse tha... — study this verse from 1 Timothy chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel. house: or, kindred

1 Timothy 5:8 · KJV


Context

6

But she that liveth in pleasure is dead while she liveth. in: or, delicately

7

And these things give in charge, that they may be blameless.

8

But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel. house: or, kindred

9

Let not a widow be taken into the number under threescore years old, having been the wife of one man, taken: or, chosen

10

Well reported of for good works; if she have brought up children, if she have lodged strangers, if she have washed the saints' feet, if she have relieved the afflicted, if she have diligently followed every good work.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house (εἰ δέ τις τῶν ἰδίων καὶ μάλιστα τῶν οἰκείων οὐ προνοεῖ, ei de tis tōn idiōn kai malista tōn oikeiōn ou pronoei)—'if anyone does not provide for his relatives, especially his own household.' Pronoeo means to provide for, take thought for, care for. Idios means one's own. Oikeios means household members, family.

He hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel (τὴν πίστιν ἤρνηται καὶ ἔστιν ἀπίστου χείρων, tēn pistin ērnētai kai estin apistou cheirōn)—'he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.' Arneomai means to deny, disown, repudiate. Apistos means unbeliever, one without faith. Cheirōn means worse, more evil.

This is one of Scripture's strongest statements: neglecting family responsibility denies the faith and makes one worse than pagans. Why? Because even unbelievers care for their families—it's basic human duty. A Christian who claims faith but abandons family demonstrates that profession is false. True faith produces love, beginning with those closest to us.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Even pagan Roman culture emphasized family duty—the paterfamilias (household head) was responsible for dependents. If Christians neglected their families while claiming superior virtue, they contradicted the gospel. Paul insists Christianity strengthens rather than weakens family bonds. Faith that doesn't produce family care is dead faith (James 2:14-17)—worse than no faith at all because it's hypocritical.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does neglecting family make one 'worse than an unbeliever'—what's so serious about this?
  2. How does family care demonstrate genuine faith versus mere profession?
  3. What modern circumstances test our commitment to providing for family members?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
εἰ1 of 18
G1487

if, whether, that, etc

δέ2 of 18

But

G1161

but, and, etc

τις3 of 18
G5100

some or any person or object

τῶν4 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἰδίων5 of 18

for his own

G2398

pertaining to self, i.e., one's own; by implication, private or separate

καὶ6 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

μάλιστα7 of 18

specially

G3122

(adverbially) most (in the greatest degree) or particularly

τῶν8 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

οἰκείων9 of 18

for those of his own house

G3609

domestic, i.e., (as noun), a relative, adherent

οὐ10 of 18

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

προνοεῖ11 of 18

provide

G4306

to consider in advance, i.e., look out for beforehand (actively, by way of maintenance for others; middle voice by way of circumspection for oneself)

τὴν12 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πίστιν13 of 18

the faith

G4102

persuasion, i.e., credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of god or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon christ

ἤρνηται14 of 18

he hath denied

G720

to contradict, i.e., disavow, reject, abnegate

καὶ15 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἔστιν16 of 18

is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

ἀπίστου17 of 18

an infidel

G571

(actively) disbelieving, i.e., without christian faith (specially, a heathen); (passively) untrustworthy (person), or incredible (thing)

χείρων18 of 18

worse than

G5501

from an obsolete equivalent ????? (of uncertain derivation); more evil or aggravated (physically, mentally or morally)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Timothy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Timothy 5:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Timothy 5:8 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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