King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 31:10 Mean?

1 Samuel 31:10 in the King James Version says “And they put his armour in the house of Ashtaroth : and they fastened his body to the wall of Bethshan. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 31 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And they put his armour in the house of Ashtaroth : and they fastened his body to the wall of Bethshan.

1 Samuel 31:10 · KJV


Context

8

And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen in mount Gilboa.

9

And they cut off his head, and stripped off his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to publish it in the house of their idols, and among the people.

10

And they put his armour in the house of Ashtaroth : and they fastened his body to the wall of Bethshan.

11

And when the inhabitants of Jabeshgilead heard of that which the Philistines had done to Saul; of that: or, concerning him that

12

All the valiant men arose, and went all night, and took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Bethshan, and came to Jabesh, and burnt them there.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The placement of Saul's armor 'in the house of Ashtaroth' specifically honors the Philistine goddess, while fastening his body to Beth-shan's wall publicly displays the corpse. Ashtaroth (Astarte) was the fertility and war goddess of Canaanite religion, making this dedication a theological statement. The public display at Beth-shan, a strategic city in the Jezreel Valley, ensured maximum humiliation. The king of Israel becomes trophy and propaganda for pagan religion.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Beth-shan (modern Beit She'an) occupied a strategic position at the junction of the Jezreel and Jordan valleys. Its walls would have been visible to traffic on major routes. Chronicles adds that Saul's head was placed in the temple of Dagon.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the Philistines' religious interpretation of their victory reveal about spiritual warfare?
  2. How should believers understand enemy claims of divine favor in their victories?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וַיָּשִׂ֙ימוּ֙1 of 11

And they put

H7760

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

אֶת2 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כֵּלָ֔יו3 of 11

his armour

H3627

something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)

בֵּ֖ית4 of 11

in the house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

עַשְׁתָּר֑וֹת5 of 11

of Ashtaroth

H6252

ashtaroth, the name of a sidonian deity, and of a place east of the jordan

וְאֶת6 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

גְּוִיָּתוֹ֙7 of 11

his body

H1472

a body, whether alive or dead

תָּֽקְע֔וּ8 of 11

and they fastened

H8628

to clatter, i.e., slap (the hands together), clang (an instrument); by analogy, to drive (a nail or tent-pin, a dart, etc.); by implication, to become

בְּחוֹמַ֖ת9 of 11

to the wall

H2346

a wall of protection

בֵּ֥ית10 of 11
H0
שָֽׁן׃11 of 11

of Bethshan

H1052

beth-shean or beth-shan, a place in palestine


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 31:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 31:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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