King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 15:5 Mean?

1 Samuel 15:5 in the King James Version says “And Saul came to a city of Amalek, and laid wait in the valley. laid: or, fought — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Saul came to a city of Amalek, and laid wait in the valley. laid: or, fought

1 Samuel 15:5 · KJV


Context

3

Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox and sheep, camel and ass.

4

And Saul gathered the people together, and numbered them in Telaim, two hundred thousand footmen, and ten thousand men of Judah.

5

And Saul came to a city of Amalek, and laid wait in the valley. laid: or, fought

6

And Saul said unto the Kenites, Go, depart, get you down from among the Amalekites, lest I destroy you with them: for ye shewed kindness to all the children of Israel, when they came up out of Egypt. So the Kenites departed from among the Amalekites.

7

And Saul smote the Amalekites from Havilah until thou comest to Shur, that is over against Egypt.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Saul came to a city of Amalek, and laid wait in the valley.

Saul's failure demonstrates that partial obedience is disobedience, and religious activity cannot substitute for heart surrender. His pattern of excuses, blame-shifting, and selective compliance while maintaining outward religious appearance warns against external religion without internal transformation. The pronouncement that 'to obey is better than sacrifice' establishes that God desires humble submission over impressive religious performance. Saul's rejection teaches that prolonged disobedience, even mixed with apparent faithfulness, eventually results in God's withdrawal of calling and blessing.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The establishment of monarchy around 1050-1010 BCE represented a dramatic political and theological shift for Israel. Unlike surrounding nations where kings were considered divine or semi-divine, Israel's kings were supposed to function under God's ultimate authority as laid out in Deuteronomy 17:14-20. The Benjamite tribe occupied strategic territory between Ephraim and Judah, making Saul's selection a politically astute choice to balance tribal rivalries. Archaeological remains from this period show increased fortification and centralization of settlements, confirming the transition to state-level organization.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage clarify the relationship between genuine faith and concrete obedience, and what does it teach about partial compliance?
  2. Are there areas where you practice selective obedience, substituting religious activity for heart-level surrender to God's commands?
  3. How does this passage connect to the larger biblical narrative of redemption and point toward Christ and the gospel?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
וַיָּבֹ֥א1 of 7

came

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

שָׁא֖וּל2 of 7

And Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

עַד3 of 7
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

עִ֣יר4 of 7

to a city

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

עֲמָלֵ֑ק5 of 7

of Amalek

H6002

amalek, a descendant of esau; also his posterity and their country

וַיָּ֖רֶב6 of 7

and laid wait

H7378

properly, to toss, i.e., grapple; mostly figuratively, to wrangle, i.e., hold a controversy; (by implication) to defend

בַּנָּֽחַל׃7 of 7

in the valley

H5158

a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 15:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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