The meaning of “enkombóomai” (G1463) — ἐγκομβόομαι

Root Meaning

The Greek verb ἐγκομβόομαι (enkombóomai) derives from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'on,' combined with κομβόω (kombóō), which means 'to gird' or 'to tie.' Literally, it conveys the action of binding or fastening something onto oneself, such as a garment tied on over other clothes. This root sense emphasizes a close, intentional wearing or girding about the body, suggesting not merely putting on clothing but being actively and visibly clothed or equipped, often with a functional or symbolic garment like an apron that signifies servitude or readiness for labor.

Usage in Scripture

This verb occurs only once in the New Testament, specifically in 1 Peter 5:5, where it is translated as 'be clothed with' humility. The singular occurrence and its consistent translation highlight a metaphorical use: to put on humility as one would a garment, indicating a deliberate and ongoing embrace of a particular attitude or virtue. The limited usage underscores its specialized meaning related to adopting a posture or character that is both visible and integral to one’s conduct.

Theological Significance

Understanding ἐγκομβόομαι enriches our grasp of Christian humility as more than a passive feeling; it is an active, intentional 'clothing' of oneself with humility, akin to girding oneself for service. The imagery of girding or wearing an apron, often associated with servitude, points to the believer’s call to mutual submission and self-emptying, reflecting Christ’s own example of servant leadership. This word invites believers to embody humility visibly and practically, recognizing that God opposes pride but grants grace to those who willingly assume this posture. It reminds us that humility is both a protective garment and a badge of honor in the Christian life.

Reflection: 1 Peter 5:5

“Likewise, ye younger, submit yourselves unto the elder. Yea, all of you be subject one to another, and be clothed with humility: for God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to the humble.”

In 1 Peter 5:5, the exhortation to 'be clothed with humility' uses ἐγκομβόομαι to convey the idea of intentionally adopting humility as one would put on a garment. This metaphor stresses that humility is not incidental but something believers must actively wear and maintain in their relationships, especially in submitting to one another. The verse highlights that God resists the proud but gives grace to the humble, underscoring the spiritual significance of this 'clothing' as essential for receiving God’s favor and living in harmony within the body of Christ.