Open Bible

Bible Book Names & Meanings

The original Hebrew and Greek names of all 66 books of the Bible with their transliterations and meanings. Discover what each book was called in its original language and what that name reveals about its content.

66

Books

1,189

Chapters

31,102

Verses

39 / 27

OT / NT

Why Do Bible Books Have Different Names?

Old Testament — Hebrew Tradition

In the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh), books are named after their opening word or phrase. Genesis is called Bereshit (“In the Beginning”) because that is the first word of the book. Exodus is Shemot (“Names”) from its opening line “These are the names of the sons of Israel.” The English names come from the Greek Septuagint translation, which used descriptive titles instead.

New Testament — Greek Tradition

The New Testament was written in Koine Greek, and its book names come directly from that language. The Gospels are named after their authors (Matthaios, Markos, Loukas, Ioannes). Paul's letters are named after their recipients (Korinthios, Galatēs, Ephesios). The English names are anglicized forms of these Greek originals.

Old Testament (39 Books)

Originally written in Hebrew and Aramaic. The Hebrew names often reflect the first word(s) of each book.

39

Books

929

Chapters

23,145

Verses

Pentateuch / Law(5 books)

Genesis

50 chapters · 1,533 verses · Moses

Pentateuch / Law

Hebrew

בּראשׁית

Bereshit

“In the Beginning”

Greek

Γένεσις

Genesis

“Beginning”

Exodus

40 chapters · 1,213 verses · Moses

Pentateuch / Law

Hebrew

שׁמוֹת

Shemot

“Names”

Greek

Ἔξοδος

Exodus

“Departure”

Leviticus

27 chapters · 859 verses · Moses

Pentateuch / Law

Hebrew

ויקרא

Vayikra

“And He Called”

Greek

Λευϊτικόν

Leuitikon

“Of the Levites”

Numbers

36 chapters · 1,288 verses · Moses

Pentateuch / Law

Hebrew

בּמדבּר

B'midbar

“In the Desert”

Greek

Ἀριθμοί

Arithmoi

“Numbers”

Deuteronomy

34 chapters · 959 verses · Moses

Pentateuch / Law

Hebrew

דברים

Devarim

“Words”

Greek

Δευτερονόμιον

Deuteronomion

“Second Law”

Poetry / Wisdom(5 books)

Psalms

150 chapters · 2,461 verses · David and others

Poetry / Wisdom

Hebrew

תהלים

Tehilim

“Praises”

Greek

Ψαλμοί

Psalmoi

Proverbs

31 chapters · 915 verses · Solomon and others

Poetry / Wisdom

Hebrew

משׁלי

Mishlei

“Parables”

Greek

Παροιμίαι

Paroimiai

Job

42 chapters · 1,070 verses · Unknown

Poetry / Wisdom

Hebrew

איוֹב

Yov

“Persecuted”

Greek

Ἰώβ

Iōb

Ecclesiastes

12 chapters · 222 verses · Solomon

Poetry / Wisdom

Hebrew

קהלת

Qohelet

“[Words of the] Preacher”

Greek

Ἐκκλησιαστής

Ekklēsiastēs

Song of Solomon

8 chapters · 117 verses · Solomon

Poetry / Wisdom

Hebrew

שׁיר השׁירים

Shir Hashirim

“The Song of Songs”

Greek

Ἆσμα Ἀσμάτων

Asma Asmatōn

“Song of Songs”

Historical(12 books)

Joshua

24 chapters · 658 verses · Joshua

Historical

Hebrew

יהוֹשׁוּע

Yehoshua

“Yah Saves”

Greek

Ἰησοῦς Nαυῆ

Iēsous Nauē

“The Prophet Jesus”

Judges

21 chapters · 618 verses · Samuel (traditionally)

Historical

Hebrew

שׁוֹףּטים

Shoftim

“Judges”

Greek

Κριταί

Kritai

“Judges”

Ruth

4 chapters · 85 verses · Samuel (traditionally)

Historical

Hebrew

רוּת

Rut

“Companion”

Greek

Ῥούθ

Routh

1 Samuel

31 chapters · 810 verses · Samuel, Nathan, Gad

Historical

Hebrew

שׁמוּאל א

Shmuel Aleph

“Heard by God - One”

Greek

Βασιλειῶν Αʹ[b]

1 Basileiōn

“1 Kings [1 Samuel]”

2 Samuel

24 chapters · 695 verses · Nathan, Gad

Historical

Hebrew

שׁמוּאל בּ

Shmuel Bet

“Heard by God - Two”

Greek

Βασιλειῶν Βʹ

2 Basileiōn

“2 Kings [2 Samuel]”

1 Kings

22 chapters · 816 verses · Jeremiah (traditionally)

Historical

Hebrew

מלכים א

Malachim - Aleph

“Kings - One”

Greek

Βασιλειῶν Γʹ

3 Basileiōn

“3 Kings [1 Kings]”

2 Kings

25 chapters · 719 verses · Jeremiah (traditionally)

Historical

Hebrew

מלכים בּ

Malachim - Bet

“Kings - Two”

Greek

Βασιλειῶν Δʹ

4 Basileiōn

“4 Kings [2 Kings]”

1 Chronicles

29 chapters · 942 verses · Ezra (traditionally)

Historical

Hebrew

דברי הימים א

Divrei Hayamim Alef

“Book of Days - One”

Greek

Παραλειπομένων Αʹ

1 Paraleipomenōn

2 Chronicles

36 chapters · 822 verses · Ezra (traditionally)

Historical

Hebrew

דברי הימים בּ

Divrei Hayamim Bet

“Book of Days - Two”

Greek

Παραλειπομένων Βʹ

2 Paraleipomenōn

Ezra

10 chapters · 280 verses · Ezra

Historical

Hebrew

עזרא

Etzra

“Helper”

Greek

Ἔσδρας Αʹ

1 Esdras

Nehemiah

13 chapters · 406 verses · Nehemiah

Historical

Hebrew

נחמיה

Nechamyah

“Yah Comforts”

Greek

Ἔσδρας Βʹ

2 Esdras

Esther

10 chapters · 167 verses · Unknown

Historical

Hebrew

אסתר

Ester

“Star”

Greek

Ἐσθήρ

Esthēr

Major Prophets(5 books)

Isaiah

66 chapters · 1,292 verses · Isaiah

Major Prophets

Hebrew

ישׁעיה

Yeshayah

“Yah Has Saved”

Greek

Ἠσαΐας

Ēsaias

“Isaiah”

Jeremiah

52 chapters · 1,364 verses · Jeremiah

Major Prophets

Hebrew

ירמיה

Yirmeyah

“Yah Has Lifted Up”

Greek

Ἱερεμίας

Hieremias

“Jeremiah”

Lamentations

5 chapters · 154 verses · Jeremiah

Major Prophets

Hebrew

איכה

Eikhah

“How?”

Greek

Θρῆνοι

Thrēnoi

Ezekiel

48 chapters · 1,273 verses · Ezekiel

Major Prophets

Hebrew

יחזקאל

Y'chizki'el

“God Strengthens”

Greek

Ἰεζεκιήλ

Iezekiēl

Daniel

12 chapters · 357 verses · Daniel

Major Prophets

Hebrew

דאניאל

Dani'el

“God is My Judge”

Greek

Δανιήλ

Daniēl

Minor Prophets(12 books)

Hosea

14 chapters · 197 verses · Hosea

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

הוֹשׁע

Hoshea

“Deliverer”

Greek

Ὡσηέ Αʹ

I. Hōsēe

Joel

3 chapters · 73 verses · Joel

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

יוֹאל

Yo'el

“Yah is God”

Greek

Ἰωήλ Δʹ

IV. Iōēl

Amos

9 chapters · 146 verses · Amos

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

עמוֹס

Amos

“Burden Bearer”

Greek

Ἀμώς Βʹ

II. Āmōs

Obadiah

1 chapters · 21 verses · Obadiah

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

עבדיה

Ovadyah

“Servant of Yah”

Greek

Ὀβδιού Εʹ[f]

V. Obdiou

Jonah

4 chapters · 48 verses · Jonah

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

יוֹנה

Yonah

“Dove”

Greek

Ἰωνᾶς Ϛ'

VI. Iōnas

Micah

7 chapters · 105 verses · Micah

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

מיכה

Mikhah

“Who is Like Yah”

Greek

Μιχαίας Γʹ

III. Michaias

Nahum

3 chapters · 47 verses · Nahum

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

נקם

Naqum

“Comforter”

Greek

Ναούμ Ζʹ

VII. Naoum

Habakkuk

3 chapters · 56 verses · Habakkuk

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

הבקוּק

Havaquq

“Embracer”

Greek

Ἀμβακούμ Ηʹ

VIII. Ambakoum

Zephaniah

3 chapters · 53 verses · Zephaniah

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

צפניה

Tz'fanyah

“Yah Treasures”

Greek

Σοφονίας Θʹ

IX. Sophonias

Haggai

2 chapters · 38 verses · Haggai

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

חגי

Chagai

“My Festival”

Greek

Ἀγγαῖος Ιʹ

X. Angaios

Zechariah

14 chapters · 211 verses · Zechariah

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

זכריה

Z'kharyah

“Yah Remembers”

Greek

Ζαχαρίας ΙΑʹ

XI. Zacharias

Malachi

4 chapters · 55 verses · Malachi

Minor Prophets

Hebrew

מלאכי

Malakhi

“My Messenger”

Greek

Μαλαχίας ΙΒʹ

XII. Malachias

New Testament (27 Books)

Originally written in Greek (Koine). The names are drawn from the Septuagint tradition and early church usage.

27

Books

260

Chapters

7,957

Verses

Gospel(4 books)

Matthew

28 chapters · 1,071 verses · Matthew (Levi)

Gospel

Greek

Μαθθαιος

Maththaios

John

21 chapters · 879 verses · John the Apostle

Gospel

Greek

Ιωάννης

Iōannēs

Mark

16 chapters · 678 verses · John Mark

Gospel

Greek

Μάρκος

Markos

Luke

24 chapters · 1,151 verses · Luke

Gospel

Greek

Λουκας

Loukas

Pauline Epistle(13 books)

Romans

16 chapters · 433 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

Ρωμαιος

Romaios

1 Corinthians

16 chapters · 437 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

I Κορίνθιος

1 Korinthios

2 Corinthians

13 chapters · 257 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

II Κορίνθιος

2 Korinthios

Galatians

6 chapters · 149 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

Γαλάτης

Galatēs

Ephesians

6 chapters · 155 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

Εφέσιος

Ephesios

Philippians

4 chapters · 104 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

Φιλιππήσιος

Philippēsios

Colossians

4 chapters · 95 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

Κολοσσαίος

Kolossaios

1 Thessalonians

5 chapters · 89 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

I Θεσσαλονικεύς

1 Thessalonikeus

2 Thessalonians

3 chapters · 47 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

II Θεσσαλονικεύς

2 Thessalonikeus

1 Timothy

6 chapters · 113 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

I Τιμόθεος

1 Timotheos

2 Timothy

4 chapters · 83 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

II Τιμόθεος

2 Timotheos

Titus

3 chapters · 46 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

Τίτος

Titos

Philemon

1 chapters · 25 verses · Paul the Apostle

Pauline Epistle

Greek

Φιλήμων

Philēmōn

Apocalyptic / Prophecy(1 books)

Revelation

22 chapters · 404 verses · John the Apostle

Apocalyptic / Prophecy

Greek

αποκάλυψις

Apokalupsis

“revelation, disclosure”

History(1 books)

Acts

28 chapters · 1,007 verses · Luke

History

Greek

Πράξεις

Praxeis

“actions, deeds”

General Epistle(8 books)

Hebrews

13 chapters · 303 verses · Unknown

General Epistle

Greek

Εβραιος

Hebraios

“Hebrews, Jews”

James

5 chapters · 108 verses · James, brother of Jesus

General Epistle

Greek

Ιάκωβος

Iakōbos

“Jacob”

1 Peter

5 chapters · 105 verses · Peter the Apostle

General Epistle

Greek

I Πέτρος

1 Petros

2 Peter

3 chapters · 61 verses · Peter the Apostle

General Epistle

Greek

II Πέτρος

2 Petros

1 John

5 chapters · 105 verses · John the Apostle

General Epistle

Greek

I Ιωάννης

1 Iōannēs

2 John

1 chapters · 13 verses · John the Apostle

General Epistle

Greek

II Ιωάννης

2 Iōannēs

3 John

1 chapters · 14 verses · John the Apostle

General Epistle

Greek

III Ιωάννης

3 Iōannēs

Jude

1 chapters · 25 verses · Jude, brother of Jesus

General Epistle

Greek

Ιούδας

Ioudas

“Judah”

Quick Reference Table

All 66 books at a glance

#BookHebrewMeaningGreekChVerses
1GenesisBereshitIn the BeginningGenesis501,533
2ExodusShemotNamesExodus401,213
3Matthew—Maththaios281,071
4John—Iōannēs21879
5Romans—Romaios16433
6PsalmsTehilimPraisesPsalmoi1502,461
7ProverbsMishleiParablesParoimiai31915
8Revelation—revelation, disclosureApokalupsis22404
9LeviticusVayikraAnd He CalledLeuitikon27859
10NumbersB'midbarIn the DesertArithmoi361,288
11DeuteronomyDevarimWordsDeuteronomion34959
12JoshuaYehoshuaYah SavesIēsous Nauē24658
13JudgesShoftimJudgesKritai21618
14RuthRutCompanionRouth485
151 SamuelShmuel AlephHeard by God - One1 Basileiōn31810
162 SamuelShmuel BetHeard by God - Two2 Basileiōn24695
171 KingsMalachim - AlephKings - One3 Basileiōn22816
182 KingsMalachim - BetKings - Two4 Basileiōn25719
191 ChroniclesDivrei Hayamim AlefBook of Days - One1 Paraleipomenōn29942
202 ChroniclesDivrei Hayamim BetBook of Days - Two2 Paraleipomenōn36822
21EzraEtzraHelper1 Esdras10280
22NehemiahNechamyahYah Comforts2 Esdras13406
23EstherEsterStarEsthēr10167
24JobYovPersecutedIōb421,070
25EcclesiastesQohelet[Words of the] PreacherEkklēsiastēs12222
26Song of SolomonShir HashirimThe Song of SongsAsma Asmatōn8117
27IsaiahYeshayahYah Has SavedĒsaias661,292
28JeremiahYirmeyahYah Has Lifted UpHieremias521,364
29LamentationsEikhahHow?Thrēnoi5154
30EzekielY'chizki'elGod StrengthensIezekiēl481,273
31DanielDani'elGod is My JudgeDaniēl12357
32HoseaHosheaDelivererI. Hōsēe14197
33JoelYo'elYah is GodIV. Iōēl373
34AmosAmosBurden BearerII. Āmōs9146
35ObadiahOvadyahServant of YahV. Obdiou121
36JonahYonahDoveVI. Iōnas448
37MicahMikhahWho is Like YahIII. Michaias7105
38NahumNaqumComforterVII. Naoum347
39HabakkukHavaquqEmbracerVIII. Ambakoum356
40ZephaniahTz'fanyahYah TreasuresIX. Sophonias353
41HaggaiChagaiMy FestivalX. Angaios238
42ZechariahZ'kharyahYah RemembersXI. Zacharias14211
43MalachiMalakhiMy MessengerXII. Malachias455
44Mark—Markos16678
45Luke—Loukas241,151
46Acts—actions, deedsPraxeis281,007
471 Corinthians—1 Korinthios16437
482 Corinthians—2 Korinthios13257
49Galatians—Galatēs6149
50Ephesians—Ephesios6155
51Philippians—Philippēsios4104
52Colossians—Kolossaios495
531 Thessalonians—1 Thessalonikeus589
542 Thessalonians—2 Thessalonikeus347
551 Timothy—1 Timotheos6113
562 Timothy—2 Timotheos483
57Titus—Titos346
58Philemon—Philēmōn125
59Hebrews—Hebrews, JewsHebraios13303
60James—JacobIakōbos5108
611 Peter—1 Petros5105
622 Peter—2 Petros361
631 John—1 Iōannēs5105
642 John—2 Iōannēs113
653 John—3 Iōannēs114
66Jude—JudahIoudas125
Total1,18931,102

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