King James Version

What Does Romans 1:26 Mean?

Romans 1:26 in the King James Version says “For this cause God gave them up unto vile affections: for even their women did change the natural use into that which is... — study this verse from Romans chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

For this cause God gave them up unto vile affections: for even their women did change the natural use into that which is against nature:

Romans 1:26 · KJV


Context

24

Wherefore God also gave them up to uncleanness through the lusts of their own hearts, to dishonour their own bodies between themselves:

25

Who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen. more: or, rather

26

For this cause God gave them up unto vile affections: for even their women did change the natural use into that which is against nature:

27

And likewise also the men, leaving the natural use of the woman, burned in their lust one toward another ; men with men working that which is unseemly, and receiving in themselves that recompence of their error which was meet.

28

And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient; to retain: or, to acknowledge a reprobate: or, a mind void of judgment or, an unapproving mind


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For this cause God gave them up unto vile affections: for even their women did change the natural use into that which is against nature:

The second paredōken (παρέδωκεν, gave them over) intensifies the judgment: dia touto paredōken autous ho theos eis pathē atimias (διὰ τοῦτο παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς ὁ θεὸς εἰς πάθη ἀτιμίας, 'for this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions'). Pathē atimias (πάθη ἀτιμίας, passions of dishonor) are degrading lusts, appetites that dehumanize. Paul specifies homosexual behavior, beginning with lesbianism: hai te gar thēleiai autōn metēllaxan tēn physikēn chrēsin eis tēn para physin (αἵ τε γὰρ θήλειαι αὐτῶν μετήλλαξαν τὴν φυσικὴν χρῆσιν εἰς τὴν παρὰ φύσιν, 'for their women exchanged the natural function for that which is against nature').

Metēllaxan (exchanged) appears again—another tragic exchange. Physikēn chrēsin (φυσικὴν χρῆσιν, natural function/use) refers to God's design for sexuality—complementary male-female union in marriage (Genesis 1:27; 2:24). Para physin (παρὰ φύσιν, against nature) means contrary to created order, not merely cultural taboo. Paul's argument is creational, not merely covenantal—homosexual practice violates the natural design evident in anatomy, procreation, and complementarity. This is not a culturally conditioned view but rooted in God's creative intent.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Homosexual practice was widespread in Greco-Roman culture. Pederasty (older men with boys) was institutionalized in Greek education. Roman emperors openly engaged in homosexual relationships. Lesbianism, though less discussed in ancient texts, also occurred. Jewish law unequivocally condemned homosexual acts (Leviticus 18:22; 20:13), and Paul, writing under inspiration, applies this to the new covenant community. Early Christians stood firmly against sexual immorality of all kinds, contributing to Christianity's reputation as puritanical but also attracting converts seeking moral clarity and family stability.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Paul's argument from 'nature' (φύσις) and 'against nature' (παρὰ φύσιν) ground sexual ethics in creation rather than mere convention?
  2. What does it mean that God 'gave them over' to sexual sin as judicial judgment rather than redemptive discipline?
  3. How can Christians uphold biblical sexual ethics with compassion while resisting cultural pressure to affirm what Scripture condemns?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 22 words
διὰ1 of 22

For

G1223

through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)

τοῦτο2 of 22

this

G5124

that thing

παρέδωκεν3 of 22

gave

G3860

to surrender, i.e yield up, entrust, transmit

αὐτῶν4 of 22

their

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

5 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεὸς6 of 22

cause God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

εἰς7 of 22

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

πάθη8 of 22

affections

G3806

properly, suffering ("pathos"), i.e., (subjectively) a passion (especially concupiscence)

ἀτιμίας9 of 22

vile

G819

infamy, i.e., (subjectively) comparative indignity, (objectively) disgrace

αἵ10 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τε11 of 22

even

G5037

both or also (properly, as correlation of g2532)

γὰρ12 of 22

for

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

θήλειαι13 of 22

women

G2338

female

αὐτῶν14 of 22

their

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

μετήλλαξαν15 of 22

did change

G3337

to exchange

τὴν16 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

φυσικὴν17 of 22

the natural

G5446

"physical", i.e., (by implication) instinctive

χρῆσιν18 of 22

use

G5540

employment, i.e., (specially), sexual intercourse (as an occupation of the body)

εἰς19 of 22

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τὴν20 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

παρὰ21 of 22

that which is against

G3844

properly, near; i.e., (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with dative case) at (or in) the vicinity of (objectively or subj

φύσιν22 of 22

nature

G5449

growth (by germination or expansion), i.e., (by implication) natural production (lineal descent); by extension, a genus or sort; figuratively, native


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 1:26 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 1:26 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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