King James Version

What Does Numbers 14:45 Mean?

Numbers 14:45 in the King James Version says “Then the Amalekites came down, and the Canaanites which dwelt in that hill, and smote them, and discomfited them, even u... — study this verse from Numbers chapter 14 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then the Amalekites came down, and the Canaanites which dwelt in that hill, and smote them, and discomfited them, even unto Hormah.

Numbers 14:45 · KJV


Context

43

For the Amalekites and the Canaanites are there before you, and ye shall fall by the sword: because ye are turned away from the LORD, therefore the LORD will not be with you.

44

But they presumed to go up unto the hill top: nevertheless the ark of the covenant of the LORD, and Moses, departed not out of the camp.

45

Then the Amalekites came down, and the Canaanites which dwelt in that hill, and smote them, and discomfited them, even unto Hormah.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Then the Amalekites came down, and the Canaanites which dwelt in that hill, and smote them—The coalition attack (וַיֵּרֶד... וַיַּכּוּם vayered... vayakum, came down... struck them) fulfilled Moses' prophecy (14:42-43). The verb smote (נָכָה nakah, to strike/defeat) describes comprehensive military disaster—not merely tactical defeat but rout demonstrating divine disfavor.

Discomfited them, even unto Hormah—The verb discomfited (וַיַּכְּתוּם vayaktum, crushed/pulverized) intensifies the defeat description, while the place name Hormah (חָרְמָה Chormah, 'destruction/devotion to destruction') became permanent memorial to presumptuous failure. Later, after 40 years wandering, Israel would legitimately conquer this same region under God's blessing (Numbers 21:1-3), demonstrating that divine timing and presence determine success, not human initiative.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Hormah (likely modern Tell el-Meshash, 7 miles east of Beersheba) became a landmark for Israel's presumptuous defeat. The site's name commemorated both this disaster and later victory (Numbers 21:3), teaching successive generations the difference between God-blessed and self-willed warfare.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'Hormah moments' (public failures from presumption) has God used to teach you about dependence on His timing?
  2. How does the later conquest of Hormah under divine blessing (Numbers 21:3) illustrate God's redemption of past failures?
  3. What ministry initiatives should be abandoned or postponed until God's clear presence and timing are confirmed?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וַיֵּ֤רֶד1 of 10

came down

H3381

to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau

הָעֲמָֽלֵקִי֙2 of 10

Then the Amalekites

H6003

an amalekite (or collectively the amalekites) or descendants of amalek

וְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י3 of 10

and the Canaanites

H3669

a kenaanite or inhabitant of kenaan; by implication, a pedlar (the canaanites standing for their neighbors the ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile c

הַיֹּשֵׁ֖ב4 of 10

which dwelt

H3427

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

בָּהָ֣ר5 of 10

in that hill

H2022

a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)

הַה֑וּא6 of 10
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

וַיַּכּ֥וּם7 of 10

and smote

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

וַֽיַּכְּת֖וּם8 of 10

them and discomfited

H3807

to bruise or violently strike

עַד9 of 10
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

הַֽחָרְמָֽה׃10 of 10

them even unto Hormah

H2767

chormah, a place in palestine


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 14:45 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 14:45 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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