King James Version

What Does Matthew 17:26 Mean?

Matthew 17:26 in the King James Version says “Peter saith unto him, Of strangers. Jesus saith unto him, Then are the children free. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 17 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Peter saith unto him, Of strangers. Jesus saith unto him, Then are the children free.

Matthew 17:26 · KJV


Context

24

And when they were come to Capernaum, they that received tribute money came to Peter, and said, Doth not your master pay tribute? tribute: called in the original, didrachma, being in value fifteen pence sterling; about thirty seven cents

25

He saith, Yes. And when he was come into the house, Jesus prevented him, saying, What thinkest thou, Simon? of whom do the kings of the earth take custom or tribute? of their own children, or of strangers?

26

Peter saith unto him, Of strangers. Jesus saith unto him, Then are the children free.

27

Notwithstanding, lest we should offend them, go thou to the sea, and cast an hook, and take up the fish that first cometh up; and when thou hast opened his mouth, thou shalt find a piece of money: that take, and give unto them for me and thee. a piece: or, a stater: it is half an ounce of silver, in value two shillings and six pence, sterling; about fifty five cents


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Peter saith unto him, Of strangers (λέγει, Ἀπὸ τῶν ἀλλοτρίων)—Peter correctly answers that kings tax ἀλλότριοι (foreigners, non-family members), not their own sons. He grasps the earthly principle but hasn't yet applied it to Jesus's identity. Jesus saith unto him, Then are the children free (ἔφη αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Ἄρα γε ἐλεύθεροί εἰσιν οἱ υἱοί)—the inferential ἄρα γε ('therefore, then, consequently') draws the conclusion. The adjective ἐλεύθερος (free) means exempt from obligation, not liable.

Jesus's point: as God's Son, He's exempt from temple tax supporting His Father's house. The temple exists for God's glory; God's Son need not pay to access His Father's dwelling. By extension, disciples as adopted sons (Romans 8:15-17; Galatians 4:5-7) share this freedom—we're 'children of the King,' not strangers taxed for temple access. Yet Jesus voluntarily pays (v. 27), modeling both freedom and gracious condescension. Christian liberty doesn't demand rights but yields them for others' good (1 Corinthians 9:12, 19-23).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The temple represented God's dwelling among Israel. Its entire system—sacrifices, priesthood, taxes—maintained worship. Jesus's claim to exemption as 'Son' is either blasphemous (if false) or revelatory (if true). His willingness to pay despite exemption demonstrates the incarnation's humility—He voluntarily submitted to obligations from which His deity exempted Him (Philippians 2:6-8). This teaching anticipates Hebrews's argument that Christ supersedes the temple as the true mediator.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does your status as God's adopted child free you from religious obligation while motivating voluntary service?
  2. When have you voluntarily surrendered legitimate freedom for the sake of others' consciences (Romans 14:1-15:7)?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
λέγει1 of 16

saith

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

αὐτῷ2 of 16

unto him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

3 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Πέτρος,4 of 16

Peter

G4074

a (piece of) rock (larger than g3037); as a name, petrus, an apostle

Ἀπὸ5 of 16

Of

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

τῶν6 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀλλοτρίων7 of 16

strangers

G245

another's, i.e., not one's own; by extension foreign, not akin, hostile

ἔφη8 of 16

saith

G5346

to show or make known one's thoughts, i.e., speak or say

αὐτῷ9 of 16

unto him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

10 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰησοῦς11 of 16

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

Ἄραγε12 of 16

Then

G686

a particle denoting an inference more or less decisive (as follows)

ἐλεύθεροί13 of 16

free

G1658

unrestrained (to go at pleasure), i.e., (as a citizen) not a slave (whether freeborn or manumitted), or (genitive case) exempt (from obligation or lia

εἰσιν14 of 16

are

G1526

they are

οἱ15 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

υἱοί16 of 16

the children

G5207

a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 17:26 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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